Table of Contents
What is polymorphic and monomorphic?
The key difference between polymorphic and monomorphic ventricular tachycardia is that polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is a type of abnormally fast heart rate with a continuously varying QRS complex morphology in a surface electrocardiogram, while monomorphic ventricular tachycardia is a type of abnormally fast …
What is the difference between polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and torsades?
Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia indicates either multiple foci of ectopic beats or a more commonly global dysfunction. The latter is a rhythm classically known as torsades de pointes, a feared rhythm for which a predisposing factor is a prolonged QT interval.
Is monomorphic v tach regular or irregular?
Sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia is usually regular; that is, it is associated with constant R-R intervals. In several cases, however, the cycles of ventricular tachycardia are more or less variable.
What is a polymorphic VT?
Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmia with changing QRS pattern that will either terminate spontaneously (causing syncope if it lasts more than a few seconds) or will deteriorate to ventricular fibrillation (VF), causing cardiac arrest.
What is a monomorphic?
Definition of monomorphic : having but a single form, structural pattern, or genotype a monomorphic species of insect.
How is monomorphic Vtach treated?
Unstable patients with monomorphic VT should be immediately treated with synchronized direct current (DC) cardioversion, usually at a starting energy dose of 100 J (monophasic; comparable biphasic recommendations are not currently available). Unstable polymorphic VT is treated with immediate defibrillation.
What is monomorphic VT?
When the ventricular activation sequence is constant, the electrocardiographic (ECG) pattern remains the same, and the rhythm is called monomorphic VT (see the image below). Monomorphic VT is most commonly seen in patients with underlying structural heart disease.
Is torsades monomorphic or polymorphic?
Torsade is defined as the combination of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia plus a prolonged QT-interval. Torsade can be caused by either congenital long-QT syndrome or acquired long-QT syndrome (due to electrolyte abnormalities and/or medications).
How is monomorphic V-tach treated?
What is monomorphic wide complex tachycardia?
If a wide-complex tachycardia is monomorphic, its origin can be ventricular tachycardia in a structurally abnormal heart, most commonly scar re-entry in coronary artery disease or cardiomyopathies such as hypertrophic or dilated cardiomyopathy, or arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (table 2).
Do you shock polymorphic Vtach?
Unstable polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is treated with unsynchronized shocks (defibrillation). Defibrillation is used because synchronization is not possible. These wide complex tachycardias tend to originate in the ventricles rather than like a normal rhythm which originates in the atria.
What is monomorphism and Epimorphism?
The notion of monomorphism is the generalization of the notion of injective map of sets from the category Set to arbitrary categories. The formally dual concept is that of epimorphism, which similarly generalizes (or strengthens) the concept of surjective function.
What is monomorphic ventricular tachycardia?
Monomorphic VT has a single stable QRS morphology from beat to beat, indicating repetitive ventricular depolarization in the same sequence (Fig. 22-1). Multiple monomorphic VTs refers to more than one morphologically distinct monomorphic VT, occurring as different episodes or induced at different times.
Do you give adenosine for stable Vtach?
Adenosine is the primary drug used in the treatment of stable narrow-complex SVT (Supraventricular Tachycardia). Now, adenosine can also be used for regular monomorphic wide-complex tachycardia.
What is catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia?
Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a rare condition. It causes an irregular heart rhythm that can be life threatening. It often shows up in childhood, but can show up later in life. The first sign is often fainting or near fainting during exercise or strong emotion.
What do you do for monomorphic VT?
How can you distinguish torsades de pointes from ventricular tachycardia?
Unlike a normal pulse rate of 60 to 100 beats a minute, a fast heartbeat in your ventricles (ventricular tachycardia) is more than 100 beats a minute. Torsades de Pointes can lead to a heart rate anywhere between 150 to 300 beats a minute.
Is polymorphic VT always torsades?
Polymorphic VT is either torsades de pointe (associated with a long QT on the baseline 12-lead ECG) or non-torsades (usually associated with ischemia or other organic heart disease).
What to do for V tach?
Taking medicines for heart failure
How to fix Vtach?
– Perform high-quality CPR – Establish an airway and provide oxygen to keep oxygen saturation > 94% – Monitor the victim’s heart rhythm and blood pressure
How do you treat V tach with a pulse?
– Attempt vagal maneuvers. – If unsuccessful, administer adenosine 6 mg IV bolus followed by a rapid normal saline flush. – If unsuccessful, administer adenosine 12 mg IV bolus followed by a rapid normal saline flush.
Is V tach regular or irregular?
Ventricular tachycardia is mostly regular, although the R-R intervals may vary somewhat. Discrete variability in R-R intervals actually suggest ventricular tachycardia. However, polymorphic ventricular tachycardia may be irregular. Supraventricular tachycardias may also be irregular; the most common being atrial fibrillation.