Table of Contents
What are Hydratable gums?
Gums are a common term for phospholipids. Phospholipids are various solid compounds and can be classified as either hydratable (able to mix and bond with water) or non-hydratable (not able to mix and bond with water). All crude oil contains gums which need to be removed if the oil is to be sold for food use.
How are extracted oils degummed?
In water degumming method, the crude oil is hydrated by mixing calculated amount of water. Since hydrated gums are insoluble in oil, hence it gets precipitated. These hydrated gums are then separated from oil. In this stage, only hydratable gums are removed.
What is degumming in textile?
Degumming is the process of removing the sericin, a sticky substance produced by the silkworm that holds the strands of silk together. It is also known as silk scouring. Removing the gum improves the lusture, color, hand, and texture of the silk. As much as one-third of the weight may be lost when the gum is removed.
How degumming of silk is done?
Degumming of silk involves the cleavage of peptide bonds of sericin, either by hydrolytic or enzymatic methods, and the subsequent removal of sericin from the silk fibroin. Hydrolysis of sericin can be carried out under neutral, alkaline or acidic conditions to give four fractions, each having different properties.
Which enzyme is used for silk degumming?
Penicillium Enzymes for the Textile Industry Degumming of silk involves the cleavage of peptide bonds of sericin, a proteinaceous substance that covers the fiber either by hydrolytic or enzymatic methods and the subsequent removal of sericin from the silk fibroin.
What is Interesterification process?
The interesterification process is used to modify the physical properties of the oil or fat blend by rearranging the fatty acid groups within and between the different triglycerides. It is applied directly to naturally derived oils or fats, or to hydrogenated or fractionated oils.
What is degumming process of silk?
What is sericin used for?
Due to its elasticity and tensile strength, along with a natural affinity for keratin, sericin is primarily used in medicine for wound suturing. It also has a natural infection resistance, and is used variably due to excellent biocompatibility, and thus is used commonly as a wound coagulant as well.
What is the difference between transesterification and interesterification?
The key difference between interesterification and transesterification is that interesterification is the reaction between an ester and an alcohol to obtain a different ester, whereas transesterification is the reaction between an ester and an alcohol to replace the alkoxy group.
What is interesterified and hydrogenated soybean oil?
Interesterified fats have largely replaced hydrogenated vegetable fat, which is rich in trans fatty acids, in the food industry as an economically viable alternative, generating interest to study their health effects.
What are the specific methods of degumming?
The specific methods of degumming include hydrated degumming, acid refining degumming, alkali refining method, adsorption method, electropolymerization and thermal polymerization method.
What is degumming process in oil refining plant?
What is Degumming Process in Oil Refining Plant? Degumming process in oil refining plant is to remove gum impurities in crude oil by physical or chemical methods, and it is an oil purification process. After screw pressing and solvent extracting from oilseeds, crude oil mainly contains triglycerides and few non-triglyceride.
What is the acid degumming process?
In the acid degumming process, Figure 2, phosphoric acid forms a precipitate or citric acid forms a complex with calcium and magnesium and then the acid is diluted with water.
What is the difference between water degumming and organic refining?
The organic refining process [6] can be considered as a variant of the water degumming process in that it uses a large excess of citric acid that is recovered after separation and recycled. As described in the process, it involves a high-shear mixing between oil and citric acid solution like in acid refining.