What is fornix based conjunctival flap?
A fornix-based conjunctival flap is typically prepared by starting with a conjunctival peritomy incision at the corneoscleral limbus (Murchison 1990). The conjunctiva is then dissected backwards through conjunctiva and Tenon’s capsule about 8 mm to 10 mm from the limbus.
What is conjunctival hooding?
The Gundersen conjunctival flap procedure involves the transposition of a thin flap of conjunctiva to cover the cornea for the relief of painful ocular surface disorders or to provide metabolic support for corneal healing.
How do you perform a Peribulbar block?
Peribulbar block: the needle is inserted through the fornix below the lateral limbus after the lower fornix was exposed (by pulling the lower lid down gently). Instil one drop of topical anaesthetic eye drops. Insert the needle through the fornix below the lateral limbus.
What is Tarsorrhaphy in ophthalmology?
Tarsorrhaphy is a safe and relatively simple procedure in which part, or all the upper and lower eyelids are joined together to cover the eye partially or completely.
What is the Gunderson flap named after?
It is named for Trygve Gundersen (1902 – February 24, 1987), an American ophthalmologist of Scandinavian descent, who first described the procedure in 1958 at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary.
What is the difference between Peribulbar and retrobulbar block?
Peribulbar anaesthesia is performed by injecting the anaesthetic drug in the orbit around the equator of the eye ball (globe). Retrobulbar anaesthesia is performed by injecting the anaesthetic drug in the orbit further back behind the eye ball, which is near the nerves that control eye movement and sensation.
What is Epifora?
Epiphora applies to excessive tearing caused by excessive tear production or secondary to poor drainage. Epiphora is sometimes subdivided into. Gustatory epiphora (“crocodile tears” caused by aberrant nerve regeneration) Reflex epiphora (reactive tear production caused by any ocular surface trauma or stimulation)
What is a lateral tarsorrhaphy?
Lateral tarsorrhaphy attempts to offset the upper lid retraction with the lower lid laxity. It involves suturing the free outer edge of the upper and lower eyelids together. After division of the eyelid anterior to the gray line, the mucocutaneous border of the lid margin is excised.
Why is eye transplanted cornea grafted?
Corneal transplantation, also known as corneal grafting, is a surgical procedure where a damaged or diseased cornea is replaced by donated corneal tissue (the graft)….
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What is a Honan balloon?
The Honan balloon is well known in the field of ophthalmic anesthesia. It is used as a compression device after injection of local anesthesia to help in the diffusion of the anesthesia and to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP).
What is Mac with retrobulbar block?
What is a retrobulbar block? Retrobulbar block is an anesthetic procedure used for eye surgeries. Usually, lidocaine with epinephrine is injected into the retrobulbar space, which is the area located behind the eyeball (globe). It numbs the muscles around the eye by blocking cranial nerves II, III, and VI.
What is Hyperlacrimation?
1. True epiphora refers to watering due to obstruction in the lacrimal outflow pathway, while hyperlacrimation refers to excessive watering due to irritation of the corneal surface, as in cases of dry eye, corneal abrasion or corneal foreign body.
What causes Eyewatering?
Lots of medical conditions can cause watery eyes, like Bell’s palsy, Sjogren’s syndrome, chronic sinus infections, thyroid problems, and rheumatoid arthritis. So can medical treatments like chemotherapy or radiation. If your eyes tear up often and you don’t know why, see your doctor.
Is tarsorrhaphy reversible?
Since the procedure is not a treatment in itself, it is usually followed by other procedures to address underlying conditions that affect the eyelids or the cornea. Once the underlying condition has been treated, the effects of tarsorrhaphy can be easily reversed.