Is Th17 a Treg?
The Th17/Treg Balance in Autoimmunity Th17 cells produce IL-17, IL-22, and IL-23, recruit neutrophils, and promote inflammation at the infection site. By contrast, Treg cells produce anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β, suppress activity of a variety of immune cells, and thereby inhibit immune responses.
What is Th17?
Th17 cells are characterized by production of IL-17 and may have evolved for host protection against microbes that Th1 or Th2 immunity are not well suited for, such as extracellular bacteria and some fungi. While Th17 cells were only recently recognized as a unique Th-cell subset, IL-17 has been known for much longer.
Which transcription factor is characteristic of Th17 cells?
The first transcription factor discovered, designated as the “lineage defining transcription factor of Th17 cells,” is RORγt, which is essential and sufficient to induce Th17 lineage fate in both human and mouse cells (5, 17, 25).
What is a Treg?
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a specialized subpopulation of T cells that act to suppress immune response, thereby maintaining homeostasis and self-tolerance. It has been shown that Tregs are able to inhibit T cell proliferation and cytokine production and play a critical role in preventing autoimmunity.
Who discovered Th17 cells?
Cua and colleagues
4 Pathogenic Th17 Cells Th17 cells are responsible for a variety of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. The discovery of Th17 cells by Cua and colleagues showed that adoptive transfer of MOG-specific Th17 cells induces the development of EAE much more significantly than Th1 cells (Langrish et al., 2005).
What is the role of Treg cells?
What do Treg cells inhibit?
Tregs suppress activation, proliferation and cytokine production of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells, and are thought to suppress B cells and dendritic cells. Tregs can produce soluble messengers which have a suppressive function, including TGF-beta, IL-10 and adenosine.
Where are Treg cells found?
thymus
Tregs produced by a normal thymus are termed ‘natural’. Treg formed by differentiation of naïve T cells outside the thymus, i.e. the periphery, or in cell culture are called ‘adaptive’.
Do T helper type 17 (Th17) cells and ptreg cells share a precursor?
T helper type 17 (Th17) cells and pTreg cells, which share a common precursor cell (the naïve CD4 T cell), require a common tumor growth factor (TGF)-β signal for initial differentiation.
Why BD human th17/treg phenotyping kit?
The BD Human Th17/Treg Phenotyping Kit provides an easy-to-use three-color cocktail of fluorescent antibodies-specific for human CD4, IL-17A (for Th17) and Foxp3 (for Treg)-that will enable researchers to identify and characterize the nature of the CD4+ T cell types present in their system by multicolor flow cytometric analysis.
Are Th17 and Treg responses to Giardia muris affected by gut microbiota?
Infections with Giardia are among the most common causes of food and water-borne diarrheal disease worldwide. Here, we investigated Th17, Treg and IgA responses, and alterations in gut microbiota in two mouse lines with varying susceptibility to Giardia muris infection.
What is the role of the transcriptional coactivator Taz in Th17 cells?
The transcriptional coactivator TAZ regulates reciprocal differentiation of TH17 cells and Treg cells. Nat. Immunol. 2017;18:800–812. doi: 10.1038/ni.3748. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] 112.