What is cardiopulmonary bypass cannulation?
The purpose of arterial cannulation is to return oxygenated blood from the cardiopulmonary bypass machine to the circulation. Arterial cannulation for cardiopulmonary bypass is usually accomplished by cannulation of the distal ascending aorta near the origin of the brachiocephalic trunk (Fig 2) (1–3).
What is axillary artery cannulation?
Axillary cannulation provides an antegrade systemic flow, allows easy initiation of antegrade cerebral perfusion during circulatory arrest and reduces the rate of retrograde cerebral embolization compared with a femoral cannulation.
How do you expose axillary arteries?
Exposure of axillary artery Make a transverse infraclavicular incision approximately two fingerbreadths below the clavicle. The pectoralis muscle is exposed and fibers are split superiorly and inferiorly. At this point, divide the pectoralis minor insertion to allow further exposure.
How is cardiopulmonary bypass performed?
The surgeon places a cannula (a specialized piece of tubing) into the patients right atrium. The patient’s blood is then drawn through a tube into a reservoir. A pump (artificial Heart) is used to pump the blood from the reservoir into an oxygenator (artificial lung) where oxygen is added and carbon dioxide is removed.
Why is cardiopulmonary bypass performed?
Cardiopulmonary bypass is commonly used in operations involving the heart. The technique allows the surgical team to oxygenate and circulate the patient’s blood, thus allowing the surgeon to operate on the heart.
What are the branches of the axillary artery?
It has three branches that are variable in their order: the subscapular trunk, the anterior humeral circumflex artery, and the posterior humeral circumflex artery. The subscapular trunk is typically the largest branch of the axillary artery. It gives rise to the scapular circumflex artery and the thoracodorsal artery.
What nerve does the axillary artery run with?
posterior humeral circumflex artery: passes through the posterior wall of the axilla with the axillary nerve to supply deltoid; it also supplies triceps brachii and glenohumeral joint.
What is axillary Bifemoral bypass?
Axillofemoral bypass is a method of surgical revascularization used in the setting of symptomatic aortoiliac occlusive disease for patients who have no endovascular option or who cannot undergo an aortofemoral reconstruction.
What is commonly used in a cardiopulmonary bypass?
The CPB pump itself is often referred to as a heart–lung machine or “the pump”. Cardiopulmonary bypass pumps are operated by perfusionists. CPB is a form of extracorporeal circulation. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is generally used for longer-term treatment….
| Cardiopulmonary bypass | |
|---|---|
| Other codes | 22570829 |
What are the components of cardiopulmonary bypass?
CPB circuit includes pumps, cannulae, tubing, reservoir, oxygenator, heat exchanger and arterial line filter [Figure 1].
What are the 3 parts of the axillary artery?
It has three branches that are variable in their order: the subscapular trunk, the anterior humeral circumflex artery, and the posterior humeral circumflex artery. The subscapular trunk is typically the largest branch of the axillary artery.
What type of artery is the axillary artery?
Axillary artery
| Source | Subclavian artery |
|---|---|
| Branches | Superior thoracic, Thoracoacromial, Lateral thoracic, Anterior circumflex humeral, Posterior circumflex humeral, Subscapular |
What is the axillary artery function?
The axillary artery is a large muscular vessel that travels through the axilla. It is responsible for carrying oxygen-rich blood to the upper limb, as well as to parts of the musculocutaneous system of the scapula and upper lateral thorax.
What muscles does axillary artery supply?
It follows the lateral margin of the muscle to the thoracic wall and supplies the serratus anterior and pectoral muscles, axillary lymph nodes, and subscapularis. It anastomoses with the internal thoracic, subscapular, and intercostal arteries and the pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial artery.
Why is the axillary artery important?
What is Bifemoral?
Aortic bifemoral (aortobifemoral) bypass is a surgical procedure that is performed in patients with atherosclerotic disease of the infrarenal aorta and iliac vessels (see the images below). Most patients who undergo this procedure have symptoms of claudication, impotence, and poorly healing ulcers.
What is a fem fem?
Background. Femorofemoral (femoral-femoral) bypass is a method of surgical revascularization used in the setting of unilateral common and/or external iliac artery occlusive disease.