What are the four main ways to suppress a fire?
All fires can be extinguished by cooling, smothering, starving or by interrupting the combustion process to extinguish the fire. One of the most common methods of extinguishing a fire is by cooling with water.
What tools methods and techniques are used to fight wildland fires?
This allows a firefighter using a hand tool such as shovel, axe, rake or Pulaski to extinguish small fires. Larger fires require more people and equipment, such as engines, pumps, bulldozers, helicopters and air tankers dropping water or retardant. Air tankers do not put out fires.
What is the best strategy for managing forests to reduce the impact of fires?
Active Fire Management Tools Can Save Our Forests In areas with an over-accumulation of fuels, a combination of thinning small trees and clearing brush followed by controlled burning can be the most effective method to reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire.
What is the mop up technique used in fighting wildfires?
Mop up includes actions like breaking apart smoldering debris, ensuring embers are completely extinguished, or moving burned debris so it cannot roll downhill and ignite previously unburned fuels. The amount of area that is mopped up depends on terrain, vegetation type and proximity to homes.
What are their control and fire prevention methods?
10 measures to assess fire safety
- Provide adequate means of escape.
- Outline clear pathways to exit doors.
- Install smoke detection systems.
- Maintain smoke suppression systems.
- Conduct regular fire drills.
- Use flame-retardant materials in interiors.
- Make your office accessible to firefighters.
- Keep the building plans handy.
What are the fire suppression techniques?
Firefighters control a fire’s spread (or put it out) by removing one of the three ingredients fire needs to burn: heat, oxygen, or fuel. They remove heat by applying water or fire retardant on the ground (using pumps or special wildland fire engines) or by air (using helicopters/airplanes).
What technology is used to prevent wildfires?
From portable quadcopters to fixed-wing platforms, drones are showing they have key advantages over conventional human-piloted firefighting aircraft. Airplanes and helicopters used to survey wildfires and drop retardant can’t fly after dark and in smoky conditions, or in too cramped of a space.
What is forest fire management?
Integrated forest fire management (IFFM) comprises a systematic approach to forest fire management. It encompasses both the traditional efforts of fire prevention and fire suppression as well as the use of prescribed fire as a tool, community involvement, and forest law enforcement.
What is cold trailing in wildland firefighting?
Cold Trailing: A method of controlling a partly dead fire edge by carefully inspecting and feeling with the hand for heat to detect any fire, digging out every live spot, and trenching any live edge.
What are the two main ways of controlling a fire?
The most common method to control a Class-A fire is to remove heat by spraying the burning solid fuels with water. Another control method would be to reduce the oxygen content in the immediate vicinity of the fire (i.e., “smother” the fire), such as by the introduction of an inert gas such as carbon dioxide.
What is fire suppression management?
Fire suppression or firefighting is the procedure or activity of mitigating the results of fire that already has started.
What is the first phase of fire suppression?
Stage One – Ignition (Incipient) The incipient stage is when it’s crucial to fight a fire because it is easiest to suppress it at this point, and it will cause the least damage.
What equipment is used to fight wildfires?
Personal Protective Equipment includes fire resistant pants and shirts, a helmet, eye protection, gloves, leather boots, and fire shelter. Firefighters carry personal gear bags that contain water, rations, sleeping bag, and hand tools such as a Pulaski, shovel, or McLeod.