What is central cranial diabetes insipidus?
Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a rare disorder characterized by excessive thirst (polydipsia) and excessive urination (polyuria). It is not related to the more common diabetes mellitus (sugar diabetes), in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin.
How common is diabetes insipidus after pituitary surgery?
Diabetes insipidus is a common complication of pituitary surgery, occurring acutely in 18-30% of operations. Most patients recover full posterior function but a minority sustain sufficient damage to vasopressin-secreting neurons to develop permanent diabetes insipidus.
How long does diabetes insipidus last after pituitary surgery?
Transient diabetes insipidus almost always begins within 24–48 h of surgery, and usually abates within several days.
How does pituitary surgery cause diabetes insipidus?
Abstract. Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a common complication following pituitary surgery and can be transient or permanent. Neurogenic DI occurs following injury to the magnocellular neurons in the hypothalamus that produce and transport arginine vasopressin (AVP) and form the hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract.
Can you fly after transsphenoidal surgery?
You can jog after 2 weeks and return to regular exercise after 4 weeks. You can eat whatever you like and drink to thirst. You can fly anytime. You can drive anytime as long as you are not taking the narcotic pain medication.
How is transsphenoidal hypophysectomy performed?
Transsphenoidal hypophysectomy: The pituitary gland is taken out through your nose via the sphenoid sinus, a cavity near the back of your nose. This is often done with the assistance of either a surgical microscope or an endoscopic camera.
Do Microadenomas need to be removed?
For prolactin-secreting microadenomas, surgical removal is followed by recurrence in 10-50% of patients. Therefore, medical therapy is preferred. Secretory tumors are best removed by the transsphenoidal approach.
What is a key symptom of diabetes insipidus?
The 2 main symptoms of diabetes insipidus are: extreme thirst (polydipsia) peeing a lot, even at night (polyuria)
Can diabetes insipidus go away after surgery?
Diabetes insipidus is usually treated with a synthetic form of antidiuretic hormone called desmopressin (DDAVP). If the condition is not treated it can lead to dehydration and an electrolyte imbalance. In some cases, diabetes insipidus may go away a few weeks after surgery, but often it is permanent.
How long after pituitary surgery can you fly?
You can fly anytime. You can drive anytime as long as you are not taking the narcotic pain medication. You can swim after 2 weeks.
Does osmotic and non-osmotic stimulation increase AVP release?
In the present studies, osmotic stimulation and non-osmotic stimulation by ET3, AII, and Ach increased AVP release, however, only osmotic stimulation and ET3 increased AVP mRNA level and AVP promoter activities. The increases in promoter activities and steady state level of AVP mRNA level were comparable in response to osmotic stimulation and ET3.
Is there an osmotic control for vasopressin release?
Osmotic and nonosmotic control of vasopressin release While the existence of an osmotic control for vasopressin (AVP) release has been long recognized, development of a sensitive immunoassay has allowed for better understanding of factors affecting the threshold and sensitivity of AVP release.
Is plasma ADH related to plasma Osmo-lality?
Using this radioimmunoassay for measuring ADH, Robertson and associates (61) demonstrated a close cor- relation between plasma ADH levels and plasma osmo- lality in patients various states of hydration (Fig. 1 A).