What is an umbilical cord hematoma?
Umbilical cord hematoma is defined as the extravasation of blood, mainly venous, in the Warton’s jelly that covers the umbilical vessels [1]. In about 10% of cases, it could be due to arterial bleeding. It is considered rare, accounting for about one in 5500-11000 living births [2-3].
What causes hemorrhage in umbilical cord?
Spontaneous bleeding in the umbilical cord is due to a disruption of the vessel wall through which, in most cases, an extravasation of blood into Wharton’s jelly occurs.
Which vein is present in umbilical cord?
umbilical vein
The umbilical cord normally contains two umbilical arteries, a single umbilical vein, an obliterated allantois duct, all surrounded by Wharton’s jelly and contained within an outer layer of amnion.
How many arteries does the umbilical cord have?
The cord contains three blood vessels: two arteries and one vein. The vein carries oxygen and nutrients from the placenta (which connects to the mother’s blood supply) to the baby.
What causes an umbilical granuloma?
Causes of Umbilical Granulomas Umbilical granulomas are a type of scar tissue that forms in the belly button. Most umbilical granulomas form when the belly button is healing after the umbilical cord falls off.
What is vitamin K deficiency bleeding?
Vitamin K deficiency bleeding or VKDB, occurs when babies cannot stop bleeding because their blood does not have enough Vitamin K to form a clot. The bleeding can occur anywhere on the inside or outside of the body.
How do you treat a bleeding umbilical cord?
To treat umbilical cord bleeding, hold a sterile gauze pad to the cord with gentle pressure as instructed by your child’s healthcare provider. This will usually stop the bleeding. If bleeding still does not stop after applying pressure, call your child’s provider or seek treatment right away.
What is umbilical cord granuloma?
An umbilical granuloma is a moist, red lump of tissue that can form on a baby’s navel (belly button). It can be seen in the first few weeks of life, after the umbilical cord has dried and fallen off. It’s usually a minor problem that looks worse than it is. An umbilical granuloma does not cause pain.
What is Omphalitis of the newborn?
Omphalitis is an infection of the umbilicus and/or surrounding tissues, occurring primarily in the neonatal period. It is a true medical emergency that can rapidly progress to systemic infection and death, with an estimated mortality rate between 7 and 15 percent.
What is the medicine for umbilical cord?
It is treated with silver nitrate applied to the umbilical stump with a cotton swab. The silver nitrate acts to cauterize and dry up the tissue at the base of the stump, allowing normal skin to grow over. This may be repeated until the granuloma is healed.
What type of tissue is Wharton’s jelly?
connective tissue
Because Wharton’s jelly is classified as a connective tissue, it is abundant in extracellular matrix, composed of glycosaminoglycans (mainly hyaluronic acid), as well as different types of collagen [25].
What is Watson jelly?
Wharton’s jelly (substantia gelatinea funiculi umbilicalis) is a gelatinous substance within the umbilical cord, largely made up of mucopolysaccharides (hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate).
What are the abnormalities of umbilical cord?
Types
- morphologic abnormalities include. hypercoiling or hypocoiling of the cord.
- insertion abnormalities include.
- presentation abnormalities includes vasa previa and umbilical cord prolapse.
- in utero distortion abnormalities include.
- vascular abnormalities include.
- cystic abnormalities.
- cord masses include.
What is hematoma of umbilical cord?
(Definition/Background Information) Hematoma of Umbilical Cord is an uncommon condition that is defined as the accumulation of blood within the umbilical cord In many cases, the cause of Hematoma of Umbilical Cord is unknown.
What is the umbilical cord made of?
Histology@Yale Slide List Umbilical Cord Umbilical Cord The umbilical cord is mostly made up of connective tissue known as Wharton’s Jelly and has relatively few cells. The cord has one large umbilical vein and two umbilical arteries. These vessels transport blood to and from the placenta, where exchange between the mother and fetus takes place.
How many blood vessels does the umbilical cord have?
The cord has one large umbilical vein and two umbilical arteries. These vessels transport blood to and from the placenta, where exchange between the mother and fetus takes place. What is peculiar about the respective oxygen and carbon dioxide contents of the blood in these vessels?
What is the prognosis of umbilical cord haematoma?
Hematoma of Umbilical Cord may require prompt and emergency treatment (if fetal distress is observed) for an improved prognosis. Nevertheless, the condition results in fetal fatalities in about half of the cases, during labor or after birth