What is parenteral feeding PDF?
Parenteral feeding is the intravenous administration of nutrients. This may be supplemental to oral or tube feeding, or it may provide the only source of nutrition as total parenteral nutrition (TPN).
How do you calculate TPN calories?
An Example of Calculating Macronutrients for Parenteral Nutrition
- Proteins: 1.5-2 g/kg (based on wounds) 1.5*(50 kg) – 2*(50 kg) = 75 – 100 g protein/day.
- Fats: 250 mL bag of lipids/day * 2 kcal/mL = 500 kcal/day from fat.
- Carbohydrates: 1500 kcal/day – kcal protein – kcal fats = kcal of dextrose needed.
How do you calculate TPN micronutrients?
Total parenteral nutrition calculations
- Dextrose% X 50.
- Amino Acid% X 100.
- All electrolytes combined in mEq/L X 2.
- Total = TPN Osmolarity.
What vitamins are in TPN?
TPN also contains other nutrients, such as vitamins and minerals, electrolytes, and water.
- Vitamins in TPN give your child needed daily amounts of vitamins A, B, C, D, E, and K.
- Electrolytes are important for bone, nerve, organ, and muscle function.
- Water is an important part of TPN.
Does TPN affect liver?
Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) can cause a variety of liver diseases, including hepatic steatosis, gallbladder and bile duct damage, and cholestasis. Cholestasis is the most severe complication and can lead to progressive fibrosis and cirrhosis.
How does TPN affect the kidneys?
Total parenteral nutrition has been reported to stabilize or reduce serum urea nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus levels, improve wound healing, enhance survival from acute renal failure, and possibly increase the rate of recovery of renal function.
What vitamins are added to TPN?
Administration of 1.1 ml of Multi-Vitamin Infusion (MVI) solution supplemented with 100 μg of folic acid, 10 μg of vitamin B12, and 100 mg of vitamin C, per liter of TPN infusate (patients received an average of about 3 liters/day), maintained normal or higher than normal levels of vitamins C, B12, and riboflavin, but …
What is total parenteral nutrition, and when is it used?
Total parenteral nutrition Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a method of feeding that bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. A special formula given through a vein provides most of the nutrients the body needs. The method is used when someone can’t or shouldn’t receive feedings or fluids by mouth.
What are the side effects of total parenteral nutrition?
– Fever – Stomach pain – Vomiting – Unusual swelling – Redness at the catheter site
When and how to start parenteral nutrition?
There does not appear to be any harm from early nutrition (Heighes et al,2016).
How to calculate parenteral nutrition?
Nasogastric (NG) tube: a tube inserted down into the nose until it reaches the stomach.