Table of Contents
Which among the followings is antiviral compound isolated from marine sponge?
Table 1
| Compound | Organism | Use |
|---|---|---|
| Ara-C (cytarabine) | Sponge, Tethya cripta | Antiviral – HSV |
| Avarol | Sponge, Disidea avara | Antiviral – HIV |
| Azidothymidine (zidovudine) | Synthetic derivative of arabinosyl nucleosides from sponge, Tethya cripta | Antiviral – HSV, HIV |
| Cyanovirin-N | Cyanobacteria, Nostoc ellipsosporum | Antiviral – HIV-1, HIV-2, SIV |
Is a marine source of antimicrobial?
Sesterterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, and meroterpenoids found to be antimicrobial and antiviral are more commonly found in marine environments.
What are the 4 major targets of antimicrobial agents?
Antimicrobial agents can be divided into groups based on the mechanism of antimicrobial activity. The main groups are: agents that inhibit cell wall synthesis, depolarize the cell membrane, inhibit protein synthesis, inhibit nuclei acid synthesis, and inhibit metabolic pathways in bacteria.
What are the four basic mechanisms of an antibiotics action?
The biochemical resistance mechanisms used by bacteria include the following: antibiotic inactivation, target modification, altered permeability, and “bypass” of metabolic pathway.
What are the bioactive compounds from marine organisms?
Natural organic substances including peptides, proteins, polyether, fatty acids, polysaccharides, and enzymes are among the many specialized and potent bioactive chemicals produced by marine bio-resources.
What is the best antibiotic target?
In principal, there are three main antibiotic targets in bacteria:
- The cell wall or membranes that surrounds the bacterial cell.
- The machineries that make the nucleic acids DNA and RNA.
- The machinery that produce proteins (the ribosome and associated proteins)
What are the 3 main targets of antibiotics?
What type of antibiotic action inhibits the reproduction of bacteria?
Aminoglycosides. Aminoglycosides are bacteriostatic; they slow down the growth and reproduction of bacteria without killing them. These antibiotics inhibit the synthesis of proteins by binding to the 30S bacterial ribosome subunit.
What are the roles of bioactive give examples of bio actives and its use?
Bioactive compounds have actions in the body that may promote good health. They are being studied in the prevention of cancer, heart disease, and other diseases. Examples of bioactive compounds include lycopene, resveratrol, lignan, tannins, and indoles.
What is marine source?
Marine organisms such as sponges, tunicates, fishes, soft corals, nudibranchs, sea hares, opisthobranch Molluscs, echinoderms, bryozoans, prawns, shells, sea slugs, and marine microorganisms are sources of bioactive compounds (viz.
What is the mechanism of action for antibiotics?
Antibiotics disrupt essential processes or structures in the bacterial cell. This either kills the bacterium or slows down bacterial growth. Depending on these effects an antibiotic is said to be bactericidal or bacteriostatic.
What is the best antibiotic for bacterial infection?
Vancomycin, long considered a “drug of last resort,” kills by preventing bacteria from building cell walls.
How do the most effective antibiotics inhibit the growth of bacteria?
They may directly attack the bacterial cell wall, which injures the cell. The bacteria can no longer attack the body, preventing these cells from doing any further damage within the body. Other antibacterials (eg, tetracycline, erythromycin) block the bacteria’s growth or reproduction.
What are bioactive compounds derived from marine organisms?
A number of biologically active compounds with varying degrees of action, such as anti-tumor, anti-cancer, anti-microtubule, anti-proliferative, cytotoxic, photo protective, as well as antibiotic and antifouling properties, have been isolated to date from marine sources.
What is another word for bioactive?
In this page you can discover 11 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for bioactive, like: , metal-containing, , nanoparticulate, cyclodextrin, functionalised, molecularly, redox-active, biotransformations, bio-active and surfactant.
What marine organisms are used for medicine?
Approved drugs of marine origin
- Cytarabine (cytosine arabinoside or arabinosyl cytosine, ara-C)
- Vidarabine (adenine arabinoside, ara-A or arabinofuranosyladenine)
- Ziconotide.
- Trabectedin.
Can agar diffusion detect antimicrobial activity in marine bacteria?
Whole cultures of 34 marine microorganisms were screened for antimicrobial activities using the method of agar diffusion against three Gram-positive bacteria, two Gram-negative bacteria, and against yeast.
How effective are bacterial isolates against pathogens?
The results showed that among the 34 isolates studied, 28 (82%) strains have antimicrobial activity against at least one pathogen studied, 11 (32%) strains have antifungal activity and 24 (76%) strains are active against Gram-positive bacteria, while 21 (62%) strains are active against Gram-negative bacteria.
What are the different types of antimicrobial isolates?
Among isolates having antimicrobial activity, 14 were identified and were assigned to the genera Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Alcaligenes, Bacillus, Chromobacterium, Enterococcus, Pantoea and Pseudomonas.