Table of Contents
What does PDGF mean?
Platelet-derived growth factor
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) constitutes a family of dimeric isoforms, acting on connective tissue cells and certain other cell types. PDGF was originally discovered as a constituent of platelets, which are released into serum in conjunction with blood coagulation.
What is the result of PDGF?
Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) PDGF stimulates the growth of its target cells, but also affects chemotaxis, i.e., directed cell movement, and cell shape through reorganization of the actin filament system. PDGF also affects the differentiation of specific cell types and promotes cell survival.
What is EGF and PDGF?
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB are both involved in periodontal wound healing. Each of these growth factors exerts a positive proliferative effect on cells of the periodontium in vitro.
What is PDGF in pathophysiology?
A family of molecules released from platelets (tiny pieces of cells that are found in the blood and that help the blood clot). Forms of PDGF help to heal wounds and to repair damage to blood vessel walls. They also help blood vessels grow. Also called platelet-derived growth factor.
What is PDGF treatment?
PDGF receptors are expressed on pericytes and smooth muscle cells of vessels, as well as on fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Recent studies have shown that targeting of cells in tumor stroma can be beneficial in tumor treatment, particularly if combined with targeting of the tumor cells directly.
What is the function of PDGF?
The primary function of PDGF is the growth control of mesenchymal cells such as fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells (Kohler and Lipton, 1974; Ross et al., 1974). Recently, research on PDGF provided novel information on its rolein AR in asthma (Hirota et al., 2011).
How is healing done by PDGF?
PDGF appears to transduce its signal through wound macrophages and may trigger the induction of positive autocrine feedback loops and synthesis of endogenous wound PDGF and other growth factors, thereby enhancing the cascade of tissue repair processes required for a fully-healed wound.
What is the role of PDGF in the cell cycle?
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a potent mitogen for mesenchymal cells. PDGF AA functions as a “competent factor” that stimulates cell cycle entry but requires additional (progression) factors in serum to transit the cell cycle beyond the G1/S checkpoint.
What protein is activated by PDGF?
PDGF-BB activates protein kinase C that leads to the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. In some cells, PDGF signaling can lead to the phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2) that can further phosphorylate cytoplasmic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2).
Is PDGF a cytokine?
PDGF-C is a recently identified cytokine that acts via the PDGF-α receptor and is a potent mitogen for human fibroblasts and vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro. Observations in different organs suggest that PDGF-C plays an important role in the regulation of fibrosis.
What activates PDGF?
Platelet-derived Growth Factor (PDGF) Receptor-α Activates c-Jun NH2-terminal Kinase-1 and Antagonizes PDGF Receptor-β-induced Phenotypic Transformation* – Journal of Biological Chemistry.
What type of receptor does PDGF use?
class III receptor tyrosine kinases
There are two types of receptors for PDGFs, PDGFRα and PDGFRβ, which belong to the class III receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), and have different expression patterns and physiological roles.
Is PDGF a proinflammatory?
Conclusions.: PDGF-BB is a potent inducer of proinflammatory cytokines via the NF-κB pathway in orbital fibroblasts, whereas cytokine production by fibroblasts from other anatomic locations showed a moderate response.
Where are PDGF receptors located?
In addition to the phosphorylated tyrosines in the JM region, the kinase domain of PDGFRs also carries two major tyrosine auto-phosphorylation sites, and one of these sites, Y751 in PDGFRβ, is specifically located in the insert region within the kinase [50].
Who discovered PDGF?
Russell Ross
When the two of us arrived in the laboratory of Russell Ross in 1975 and 1979, PDGF had already been “discovered” but was still known only as a growth-promoting “activity” from platelets.
How is PDGF activated?
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) is activated by binding to its ligand PDGF, and involved in a variety of cellular processes, e.g. proliferation, migration, survival, and cancer development1.
What is PDGFRA mutation?
Mutations in the PDGFRA gene are associated with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). GISTs are a type of tumor that occurs in the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly in the stomach or small intestine. The majority of GISTs associated with a mutation in the PDGFRA gene occur in the stomach.
Do platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) induce cardiac fibrosis?
PDGF-A and PDGF-B induces cardiac fibrosis in transgenic mice Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and their receptors (PDGFRs) contribute to normal heart development. Deficient or abnormal expression of Pdgf and Pdgfr genes have a negative impact on cardiac development and function.
Do different PDGF isoforms induce cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis?
All PDGF isoforms induce cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in transgenic mice. Different PDGF isoforms generate different effects. PDGFRα + cardiac interstitial mesenchymal fibroblasts are suggested mediators. Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and their receptors (PDGFRs) contribute to normal heart development.
What is the effect of PDGFB overexpression on cardiac function?
Pdgfa overexpression resulted in a severe fibrotic reaction with up to 8-fold increase in cardiac size, leading to lethal cardiac failure within a few weeks after birth. In contrast, Pdgfb overexpression led to focal fibrosis and moderate cardiac hypertrophy.
Does Pdgf signaling play a role in organ fibrosis?
Stromal mesenchymal cells express both PDGF receptors (PDGFR) α and β, activation of which drives proliferation, migration and production of extracellular matrix, i.e. the principal processes of fibrosis. Here, we review the role of PDGF signaling in organ fibrosis, with particular focus on the more recently described ligands PDGF-C and -D.