What are problems associated with Geminiviruses?
Geminiviruses are the cause of devastating plant diseases, particularly in the tropics and sub-tropics. Beet curly top, cassava mosaic and maize streak diseases, recognised as serious threats to crop production about a century ago, continue to be serious problems of world agriculture.
Which plant virus is Gemini virus?
Geminiviruses, which are circular single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) plant viruses, are divided into four different genera (Curtovirus, Mastrevirus, Topocuvirus, and Begomovirus). All geminiviruses are transmitted by insects; the most devastating begomoviruses are transmitted by whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci).
What is the genome range of Geminivirus in NT?
A betasatellite is also usually half the size of a geminivirus genome (~ 1300 nt) and has a stem-loop that is recognized by a geminivirus Rep (they encode the predominant begomovirus nonanucleotide; Rosario et al., 2016).
What is the natural host of Geminivirus?
Replication
| Genus | Host details | Replication site |
|---|---|---|
| Becurtovirus | Spinach | Nucleus |
| Begomovirus | Dicotyledonous plants | Nucleus |
| Capulavirus | Dicotyledonous plants | Nucleus |
| Curtovirus | Dicotyledonous plants | Nucleus |
What is the natural host of Geminivirus Mcq?
Explanation: Geminiviruses are particularly interesting because their natural hosts include monocots such as wheat and maize and therefore they are potential vectors for these.
When was the first virus on earth?
Abstract. Two scientists contributed to the discovery of the first virus, Tobacco mosaic virus. Ivanoski reported in 1892 that extracts from infected leaves were still infectious after filtration through a Chamberland filter-candle.
What are the symptoms of cauliflower mosaic infection?
The virus can induce a range of systemic symptoms, such as chlorosis (loss of green leaf color), mosaic (patches of light and dark green on leaves), vein clearing (abnormal clear or translucent color of veins), and/or stunting (Figure 2).
What is Circulative virus?
Circulative, propagative viruses are characterized by replication and systemic invasion of vector insect tissues prior to transmission via salivary glands (Figure 1D) [2,4].
What was the first virus on Earth?
Tobacco mosaic virus
Abstract. Two scientists contributed to the discovery of the first virus, Tobacco mosaic virus. Ivanoski reported in 1892 that extracts from infected leaves were still infectious after filtration through a Chamberland filter-candle.
How do you treat cauliflower mosaic virus?
There is no cure for cauliflower mosaic virus. Once a plant is infected, then it is too late. Prevention is the only way to prevent agricultural or gardening losses. Since cauliflower mosaic virus is usually spread by aphids, so any sort of pest control can be beneficial in reducing infection.
What disease does cauliflower mosaic virus cause?
CaMV induces a variety of systemic symptoms such as mosaic, necrotic lesions on leaf surfaces, stunted growth, and deformation of the overall plant structure. The symptoms exhibited vary depending on the viral strain, host ecotype, and environmental conditions.
How are plant virus transmitted?
The majority of plant viruses are transmitted from plant to plant by insect vectors, especially those that feed on living green plant parts. Fewer plant viruses are transmitted by other methods, such as seeds, vegetative propagation, saps, fungi, nematodes, and phanerogamic plant parasites.
How do aphids cause disease?
The aphids feed on phloem sap, which weakens the plant and causes a metabolic imbalance, twisting of the leaves and, in extreme cases, causing leaf loss. Leaf loss affects the quantity and quality of the final harvest. Aphids also introduce toxins into the plant, systemically altering its development.
What are the symptoms of an adenovirus infection?
The symptoms of adenovirus infections you experience depend on which part of your body the virus infects. The virus most commonly infects your respiratory system. An adenovirus infection in your respiratory tract can cause symptoms similar to the common cold or flu. Symptoms or conditions you may experience include: Cough. Fever. Runny nose.
How do adenoviruses affect the respiratory system?
Adenovirus infections most commonly affect your respiratory system. These infections can cause symptoms similar to the common cold or flu. Most adenovirus infections are mild and require only symptom relief for treatment. What are adenoviruses?
How do I know if my baby has adenovirus?
Always call the doctor if a baby under 3 months old has symptoms of an adenovirus infection. Call the doctor right away if your child has any of these more serious symptoms: Trouble breathing. Swelling around his eyes. Fever that doesn’t go away after a few days. Signs of dehydration, such as few tears or less wet diapers.