What is an example of runaway selection?
One of the most dramatic examples is the African long-tailed widowbird (Euplectes progne); the male possesses an extraordinarily long tail. This feature can be explained by the females’ preference for males with the longest tails.
What is antagonistic selection?
Sexually antagonistic selection (SAS) occurs when the direction of natural selection on a trait, or a combination of traits, differs between the sexes.
What is the runaway process?
A “runaway process” is a process that enters an infinite loop and spawns new processes. This can cause an overflow in the proc table that causes other processes to fail with the No more processes: error message.
What causes stabilizing selection?
Simply stated, there is no common cause of stabilizing selection, besides the fact that the most average individual is selected for. In that way, like all forms of selection, the cause of stabilizing selection is the increased fitness and reproductive success that the median individuals have.
How does runaway selection occur?
Runaway selection is a mechanism whereby a secondary sexual trait expressed in one sex becomes genetically correlated with a preference for the trait in the other sex. The genetic coupling of the trait and the preference leads to self-reinforcing loops of coevolution between the trait and preference for the trait.
Are Peacocks an example of runaway selection?
Sexual selection can lead to what has been termed (but is not really) runaway selection. For example, the more prominent the peacock male’s tail the more likely he will find a mate even though larger and larger tails may also have significant negative effects.
Why do female animals run away from males?
In the animal world, females can go to impressive lengths to avoid sex. The explanation lies in a conflict of interest between males and females over how often to mate.
What is stabilizing directional and disruptive selection?
Disruptive selection favors both extreme phenotypes, different from one extreme in directional selection. Stabilizing selection favors the middle phenotype, causing the decline in variation in a population over time.
What is the difference between directional and stabilizing selection?
Stabilizing selection (left column) acts against phenotypes at both extremes of the distribution, favouring the multiplication of intermediate phenotypes. Directional selection (centre column) acts against only one extreme of phenotypes, causing a shift in distribution toward the other extreme.
What’s the difference between kin selection and altruism?
Kin selection favors the reproductive success of the other relatives even at a cost to the organism’s own survival and reproduction while, in reciprocal altruism, an organism reduces its own fitness by increasing the fitness of another organism.
What is the difference between kin selection and group selection?
The intuitive idea is that kin selection occurs in populations that are structured such that relatives tend to interact differentially, whereas group selection occurs in populations in which there are stable, sharply bounded, and well-integrated social groups at the relevant grain of analysis.