Table of Contents
How does behaviorism explain phobias?
According to the behaviorists, phobias are the result of a classically conditioned association between an anxiety provoking unconditioned stimulus (UCS) and a previously neutral stimulus.
What theory explains phobias?
According to the learning theory, phobias develop when fear responses are reinforced or punished. 2 Both reinforcement and punishment can be positive or negative.
How does the behaviourist approach treat phobias?
The Behavioural approach to treating phobias is based on the idea that there is a faulty association between a stimulus and a response that has been learned, so treatment involves exposure to un-learn this association and replace the learned response.
Why did Watson use behaviorism to explain phobias?
He wanted to focus on observational behavior because it was something that could actually be measured. Watson believed that phobias and behaviors are learned through the process of conditioning. He wanted to prove that all behavior was a result of a stimulus –response relationship.
What is the behaviorism perspective?
Behaviorism focuses on the idea that all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment. This learning theory states that behaviors are learned from the environment, and says that innate or inherited factors have very little influence on behavior.
What is behaviourist approach?
The Behaviorist Approach. By Dr. Saul McLeod, updated 2020. Behaviorism, also known as behavioral psychology, is a theory of learning which states all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment through a process called conditioning. Thus, behavior is simply a response to environmental stimuli.
What is the two factor theory of phobia acquisition?
According to two-factor theory, fear motivates escape/avoidance responses, and since fear was assumed to have extinguished, it should be expected that avoidance would diminish as well, a hypothesis that was at odds with the data. Those data, however, can be explained by the cognitive theory.
What is John Watson behaviorism theory?
Watson’s behaviorist theory focused not on the internal emotional and psychological conditions of people, but rather on their external and outward behaviors. He believed that a person’s physical responses provided the only insight into internal actions.
What is behaviorism theory?
What did Freud believe about phobias?
Freud believed that phobias, like many psychological disorders, were caused by unconscious desires. Unconscious desires are the desires that are unknown even to one’s own mind. Freud believed that, in childhood, people were taught that some feelings, particularly aggressive and sexual ones, were wrong.
What is an example of behaviorism theory?
An example of behaviorism is when teachers reward their class or certain students with a party or special treat at the end of the week for good behavior throughout the week. The same concept is used with punishments. The teacher can take away certain privileges if the student misbehaves.
What is the two process model of phobias?
According to the two-process model, phobias are initiated through classical conditioning (learning through association) and maintained through operant conditioning (negative reinforcement).
Which does the two-factor theory propose regarding the ways phobias become problematic?
Which does the two-factor theory propose regarding the ways phobias become problematic? Pavlovian conditioning establishes the phobia, while operant conditioning maintain phobic behavior.
How did Watson demonstrate that fear could be learned?
He had learned to associate fear with the presence of rats through the process of classical conditioning. This response generalised to other previously neutral stimuli that were similar to the rat and which he previously had liked. He now also showed fear of furry toys, a fur coat and a Father Christmas mask.
What did Watson say phobias?
-Watson believed that phobias were learned. -Case of “Little Albert” – taught to fear a white rat. What are the 7 mondern perspectives?