How do I get the last character of a string in bash?

How do I get the last character of a string in bash?

To access the last n characters of a string, we can use the parameter expansion syntax ${string: -n} in the Bash shell. -n is the number of characters we need to extract from the end of a string.

How do you get the last character of a string?

To get the last character of a string, call the charAt() method on the string, passing it the last index as a parameter. For example, str. charAt(str. length – 1) returns a new string containing the last character of the string.

How do you remove the first and last character of a string in bash?

To remove the first and last character of a string, we can use the parameter expansion syntax ${str:1:-1} in the bash shell. 1 represents the second character index (included). -1 represents the last character index (excluded). It means slicing starts from index 1 and ends before index -1 .

How do you find the last occurrence of a character in a string in Linux?

The command is relatively simple. We start by finding the string we require using grep. Next, Grep will list all the string occurrences, and finally, we pipe the output to the tail and locate the last line of the output.

How can I remove last character from a string in Unix?

In this method, you have to use the rev command. The rev command is used to reverse the line of string characterwise. Here, the rev command will reverse the string, and then the -c option will remove the first character. After this, the rev command will reverse the string again and you will get your output.

How do you remove the end of a line character in UNIX?

Removing carriage return in Linux or Unix

1. Open the terminal app and then type any one of the following command.
2. Use the sed: sed ‘s/\r$//’ file.txt > out.txt.
3. Another option is tr: tr -d ‘\r’ input.txt > out.txt.
4. MS-Windows (DOS)/Mac to Unix/Linux and vice versa text file format converter: dos2unix infile outfile.

What is bash xargs?

The xargs command is used in a UNIX shell to convert input from standard input into arguments to a command. In other words, through the use of xargs the output of a command is used as the input of another command.

How do you find the last occurrence of a string in Unix?

How do you grep last occurrence?

7 Answers

1. Print last occurence of x (regex): grep x file | tail -1.
2. Alternatively: tac file | grep -m1 x.
3. Print file from first matching line to end: awk ‘/x/{flag = 1}; flag’ file.
4. Print file from last matching line to end (prints all lines in case of no match): tac file | awk ‘! flag; /x/{flag = 1};’ | tac.