What are the four unique viral proteins of Picornaviridae?
Each protomer consists of four polypeptides known as VP (viral protein) 1, 2, 3 and 4. VP2 and VP4 polypeptides originate from one protomer known as VP0 that is cleaved to give the different capsid components.
What type of virus is picornavirus?
Family Picornaviridae
| Order Picornavirales | |
|---|---|
| Genus Cosavirus | Cosavirus A, B, D, E, F |
| Genus Dicipivirus | Cadicivirus A |
| Genus Enterovirus | Species include Human enterovirus A, B, C, D, Human rhinoviruses A, B, C, Bovine enterovirus, Porcine enterovirus B |
| Genus Erbovirus | Erbovirus A (Equine rhinitis B virus) |
What is the classification of poliovirus?
Poliovirus is a member of the Enterovirus genus, family Picornaviridae. Enteroviruses are transient inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tract, and are stable at acid pH. Picornaviruses are small, ether-insensitive viruses with an RNA genome. Poliovirus causes polio, or poliomyelitis, a highly infectious disease.
Is polio a Picornaviridae?
Poliomyelitis (commonly known as “polio”) is an infectious disease caused by polioviruses 1, 2, and 3 in the enterovirus genus of the picornaviridae viral family. From a public health standpoint, it is the most important of the enteroviruses.
Which of the following genera is included in the family Picornaviridae?
The family Picornaviridae comprises five genera: Enterovirus, Hepatovirus and Rhinovirus, which infect humans: Apthovirus (foot-and-mouth disease virus), which infects cloven-hoofed animals and occasionally humans; and Cardiovirus, which infects rodents.
What are the characteristics of Picornaviridae?
The picornaviruses are small (22 to 30 nm) nonenveloped, single-stranded RNA viruses with cubic symmetry. The virus capsid is composed of 60 protein subunits, each consisting of four poly-peptides VP1–VP4. Because they contain no essential lipids, they are ether resistant. They replicate in the cytoplasm.
What are the 3 types of polio virus?
There are three wild types of poliovirus (WPV) – type 1, type 2, and type 3. People need to be protected against all three types of the virus in order to prevent polio disease and the polio vaccination is the best protection.
What is the difference between Type 1 2 and 3 poliovirus?
Type 1 causes paralysis in about 1 in 200 infections; Type 2 was last recorded in 1999; Type 3 is less virulent than type 1, causing paralysis in about 1 in 1000 cases.
Is hepatitis A Picornaviridae?
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is classified as a member of the Hepatovirus genus within the family Picornaviridae. It is responsible for a self-limiting viral hepatitis in human beings and may be transmitted by the fecal–oral route during acute infection or by the ingestion of uncooked contaminated shellfish.
Is rubella an alphavirus?
Rubella Virus. Rubella virus is the sole member of the genus Rubivirus and belongs to the Togaviridae family together with alphaviruses (see subsequent text).
What are the 5 strains of Ebola?
There are five identified Ebola virus species, four of which are known to cause disease in humans: Ebola virus (Zaire ebolavirus); Sudan virus (Sudan ebolavirus); Taï Forest virus (Taï Forest ebolavirus, formerly Côte d’Ivoire ebolavirus); and Bundibugyo virus (Bundibugyo ebolavirus).
How many serotypes are in the Picornaviridae family?
At the time of writing, 67 human enterovirus serotypes and 115 rhinovirus serotypes are known. Picornaviruses do not have a common group-specific antigen. However, antigenic sharing is observed between a few serotypes. Each serotype has a type-specific antigen, which is identifiable by neutralization tests.
Is Hepatitis A Picornaviridae?
What are salient features of the picornavirus family?
Picornaviruses contain positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genomes and replicate in the cytoplasm of infected cells. As a result of the limited coding capacity of these viruses, cellular proteins are required by these intracellular parasites for both translation and genomic RNA replication.
What is the structure of picornavirus?
Structure. The picornavirus virion is an icosahedral, nonenveloped, small (22 to 30 nm) particle. The capsid proteins encase a sense RNA strand consisting of approximately 7,500 nucleotides. The RNA carries a covalently bound noncapsid viral protein (VPg) at its 5′ end and a polyadenylated tail at its 3′ end.
What is Picornaviridae?
Picornaviridae is a large virus family that includes the two genera Rhinovirus and Enterovirus, which are associated with respiratory tract infections. Both rhinoviruses and enteroviruses are small nonenveloped, single, positive-stranded RNA viruses. These viruses are more resistant to adverse environmental conditions.
What is the classification of enteroviruses based on?
Classification is based on morphology, physicochemical and biologic properties, antigenic structures, genomic sequence and mode of replication. The family PICORNAVIRIDAE comprises five genera, namely, enteroviruses, rhinoviruses, hepatoviruses, cardioviruses, and aphthoviruses.
What is an icosahedral capsid virus?
They are viruses that represent a large family of small, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses with a 30-nm icosahedral capsid. The viruses in this family can cause a range of diseases including the common cold, poliomyelitis, meningitis, hepatitis, and paralysis.
Is echovirus 22 a member of the enterovirus family?
Echovirus 22 is distinctive in its genomic sequence, which shows little or no identity to other picornavirus. Nevertheless, its biophysical properties, disease manifestations, epidemiology and pathogenesis support its remaining as a member of Enterovirus. Clinical Manifestations