Table of Contents
What is Tufte visualization?
One of Tufte’s ideas is data-to-ink ratio, generally stating that when creating a visualization, you should try to maximize the amount of “ink” (physical or digital) used to represent the data, and minimize the amount used to represent everything else not important to understanding.
What are Tufte’s principles?
The representation of numbers, as physically measured on the surface of the graph itself, should be directly proportional to the numerical quantities represented. Clear, detailed and thorough labeling should be used to defeat graphical distortion and ambiguity.
What is Edward Tufte’s information design?
About Edward Tufte In particular his books, Visual Display of Quantitative Information, Envisioning Information, Visual Explanations and Beautiful Evidence are considered to be definitive works in the field of information visualization.
What is considered chart junk?
Chartjunk, coined by Edward Tufte in his book entitled The Visual Display of Quantitative Information, refers to decorations in a graphic that have no purpose.
What are Tufte’s principles of graphical excellence?
Principles of Graphical Excellence from E.R. Tufte
- Show the data.
- Induce the viewer to think about the substance of the findings rather that the methodology, the graphical design, or other aspects.
- Avoid distorting what the data have to say.
- Present many numbers in a small space, i.e., efficiently.
What is non data-ink?
Non-Data-Ink is accordingly the ink that does not transport the information but it is used for scales, labels and edges. The data-ink ratio is the proportion of Ink that is used to present actual data compared to the total amount of ink (or pixels) used in the entire display.
How is lie factor calculated?
Therefore, lie factors reported in “Visual Display…” are exaggerated. If original data changes by a factor of a, and the graphics data changes by a factor of b, then the lie factor is b/a, but ET’s factor is (b-1)/(a-1). Example: real data shows 1,1.01, graphics shows 1,2. The lie factor is not 100, but 1.98.
What did Edward Tufte invent?
Information design He coined the word chartjunk to refer to useless, non-informative, or information-obscuring elements of quantitative information displays. Tufte’s other key concepts include what he calls the lie factor, the data-ink ratio, and the data density of a graphic.
Which book is Tufte?
The Visual Display of Quantitativ…1983Envisioning Information1990Beautiful Evidence2006Visual Explanatio…1997The Cognitive Style of Po…2003Seeing with Fresh Eyes: Meaning…2020
Edward Tufte/Books
What does Tufte recommend with regard to data ink?
The data-ink ratio is a concept created by Edward Tufte, famous author in the field of data visualization. Clearly speaking, the data-ink ratio encourages chart creators to examine if all elements in the chart are relevant to the chart’s message. Or in Edward Tufte own words: “Above all else show the data.”
When should chartjunk be avoided?
6.2. It’s especially common to see presentations of data in the popular media that are adorned with lots of visual elements that are thematically related to the content but unrelated to the actual data. This is known as chartjunk, and should be avoided at all costs.
What are the six basic principles of design in data visualization?
This infographic visualises the six guiding principles of Unity/Harmony, Balance, Hierarchy, Scale/Proportion, Dominance/Emphasis, Similarity & Contrast. How one applies these principles determines how successful a design may be. Simple colors, minimal text and white space work together to tell a clear story.
What is an example of data ink?
Examples of High and Low Data-Ink If a graph has too much noise and distracting elements, it is considered to have low data-ink. An example is shown below where the background, grid lines, 3D effects, shadows and other unnecessary aesthetics distract from the data being represented.
What is a high lie factor?
To ensure the Integrity of a graphic, its Lie Factor should have a value between 0.95 and 1.05. If the value is less or greater, it indicates a substantial (and often intended) distortion, far beyond minor inaccuracies (e.g. caused by plotting).
What is a lie factor?
Computing Lie Factor by Dividing Percentages. In the book “The Visual Display of Quantitative Information”, there is a term “Lie Factor” defined on page 57. An example computation of lie factor is given. Basically, the actual data varies from 18 to 27.5, but graphically it varies from 0.6 to 5.3.
Who is the father of data visualization?
Edward Tufte
Edward Tufte is a statistician and artist, and Professor Emeritus of Political Science, Statistics, and Computer Science at Yale University. He wrote, designed, and self-published 4 classic books. He is considered the father of modern data visualization.
Which is the best Tufte book?
What is a good data to ink ratio?
The reason for this is to avoid drawing the attention of viewers of the data presentation to irrelevant elements. The goal is to design a display with the highest possible data-ink ratio (that is, as close to the total of 1.0), without eliminating something that is necessary for effective communication.
How do I maximize my ink ratio?
Maximize the data-ink ratio. Erase non-data-ink. Erase redundant data-ink….So how we can achieve a high data-ink ratio here:
- We can remove the gray background behind the bars since it provides no notional value.
- Getting rid of the legend, since each bar can be labeled directly along the x-axis.
What are Tufte’s key data visualization principles?
In this book Tufte laid out his key data visualization principles. Visual representations of data must tell the truth. Tufte shows a whole range of graphs that either over or under represent the effects in the data.
How does Tufte improve the legibility of graphs?
Tufte tests these principles on a whole range of examples to come up with a wide range of fresh designs that dramatically improve the legibility of the graphs. Here is an example with a very high data-ink ratio. The above is an electroencephalogram – a graph that records the electrical activity from the brain.
Who is Edward Tufte?
Who is Edward Tufte? Edward Rolf Tufte is a statistician and professor at Yale University. He is considered to be a pioneer in the field of data visualisation. He developed 6 principles of graphical integrity in his book – The Visual Display of Quantitative Information.
What is Tufte’s data ink ratio?
Data Ink is the ink on a graph that represents data. Tufte claims that good graphical representations maximize data-ink and erase as much non-data-ink as possible. He put forward the data-ink ratio which is calculated by 1 minus the proportion of the graph that can be erased without loss of data-information.