Table of Contents
Where is productivity highest in the ocean?
Higher chlorophyll concentrations and in general higher productivity are observed on the equator, along the coasts (especially eastern margins), and in the high latitude ocean (Figure 4a and b).
How much is the productivity of oceans?
Despite occupying about 70 per cent of the surface, the productivity of the oceans are only 55 billion tons.
Where is the ocean least productive?
Availability of solar radiation is least in oceans; especially in deep oceans. Due to this, oceans are least productive.
- Two species competing for the same resource can avoid competition by choosing different habits.
- Which of the following is the most productive ecosystem?
How can productivity in the ocean be measured?
A new and easier way of estimating oceanic productivity is by satellite measurement. Satellites can measure ocean color. The greener the surface ocean water, the more algae, therefore the higher the productivity. Thus global maps of productivity such as the one below can be produced.
Which part of the ocean is richer in life?
The epipelagic zone extends from the surface to 200m down. It receives plenty of sunlight and therefore contains the most biodiversity in the ocean.
Which ecosystem has highest productivity?
Tropical rainforests
Tropical rainforests show the highest productivity in terrestrial ecosystems.
Why productivity is low in oceans?
Sunlight is the major limiting factor in the oceans. As the depth of the ocean increases, the intensity of light decreases, thus decreasing the photosynthetic rate. This decrease in rate of photosynthesis will eventually decline the development of plants and animals thriving in the aquatic environment.
Why is ocean productivity limited to the first 200m depth?
Photosynthesis and chemosynthesis. Explain why ocean productivity is limited to the first 200m. Below 200, all the light has either been scattered or absorbed by the water. Light is essential for photosynthesis.
Why the productivity of ocean is low?
How is water primary productivity measured?
Primary productivity can be measured from the amount of oxygen consumed by a volume of water in a fixed period of time; water for which productivity is to be determined is enclosed in sealed white and dark bottles (bottle painted dark so light would not enter).
Which Zone has the highest abundance of life in the ocean?
Key Takeaways: Neritic Zone The neritic zone is the region of shallow water (200 meters depth) above the continental shelf where light penetrates to the sea floor. Due to the abundant supply of sunlight and nutrients in this zone, it is the most productive ocean zone supporting the vast majority of marine life.
What are the top 3 most productive ecosystems?
The most productive ecosystems are fertile estuaries and marshes, coral reefs, terrestrial vegetation on moist alluvial deposits, and intensive agriculture, which can have productivities of 10-25 × 103 kcal/m2/yr.
What 3 ecosystems have the lowest productivity?
The biomes with the lowest levels of primary productivity include deserts, the tundra, the open ocean, and the lakes and streams biome.
What controls ocean productivity on long time scales?
What Controls Ocean Productivity on Long Time Scales? Reconstructions of ocean productivity using sediment records typically involve the accumulation of biogenic matter (organics or mineral hard parts) in the sediment; therefore, these studies speak to export production rather than NPP.
What are the methods of measuring productivity?
A popular method for measuring productivity in a factory setting is to compare total labor time, which is also called the input, with the number of products manufactured, or the output. By doing so, companies can calculate a ratio that shows them how efficiently their employees are working.
How do we measure productivity in an ecosystem?
Calculating primary productivity Primary productivity is usually determined by measuring the uptake of carbon dioxide or the output of oxygen. Production rates are usually expressed as grams of organic carbon per unit area per unit time.
Which ocean zone has the most biodiversity?
The epipelagic zone stretches from the surface down to 200 m and is home to the greatest biodiversity in the sea, largely because of the availability of sunlight that enables photosynthetic organisms to thrive.
Where is the most ocean life?
Most ocean life can be found in coastal habitats on the continental shelf, even if this area occupies only 7% of the total ocean area. Most of the open ocean habitats are found in the deep ocean beyond the edge of the continental shelf. Ocean and coastal habitats can be created by species living in them.
What are the patterns of productivity in the ocean?
Local patterns of productivity: High productivity can occur even at low latitudes Shelf areas cover 15% of ocean area, but 50% of oceanic primary productivity. –Nutrients recycle from bottom in shallow, well-mixed shelf waters
Which end of the ocean spectrum has the highest productivity?
Red end of spectrum is highest productivity, blue/violet end is lowest. The overall pattern with latitude is clearly visible: low productivity in the tropics and subtropics, probably due to nutrient limitation brought about by strong, year-round thermocline and pycnocline. North and South Atlantic: Large gyre systems, with low productivity.
Where is the most open ocean biomass found?
Thus, most open ocean biomass, including phytoplankton, zooplankton, and nekton, is found within ~200 m of the ocean surface. Typical conditions in the subtropical ocean, as indicated by data collected at the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Station in July, 2008. The thermocline (vertical temperature gradient) stratifies the upper water column.
What happens to organic matter produced in the deep ocean?
Only a fraction of the organic matter produced in the surface ocean has the fate of being exported to the deep ocean. Of the organic matter produced by phytoplankton ( NPP ), most is respired back to dissolved inorganic forms within the surface ocean and thus recycled for use by phytoplankton (Eppley & Peterson 1979) (Figure 1).