Table of Contents
What is the structure thalamus?
The thalamus is a paired gray matter structure of the diencephalon located near the center of the brain. It is above the midbrain or mesencephalon, allowing for nerve fiber connections to the cerebral cortex in all directions — each thalamus connects to the other via the interthalamic adhesion.
What is the shape of the thalamus?
Thalamus is a large egg-shaped mass of grey matter, having a small amount of white matter located at the base of the forebrain, just above the midbrain. It is a part of the diencephalon and is located lateral to the third ventricle.
What separates putamen and globus pallidus?
The putamen and globus pallidus are separated by a thin layer of white matter called the medial medullary lamina.
What separates globus pallidus interna and externa?
In the primate basal ganglia, the globus pallidus is divided into two parts by the medial medullary lamina. These are the internal globus pallidus (GPi) and the external globus pallidus (GPe); both are composed of closed nuclei surrounded by myelinic walls.
Where does the pulvinar nucleus project to?
The pulvinar nucleus projects to the striatum and the lateral amygdala, potentially relaying: (1) topographic visual information from the superior colliculus to the striatum to aid in guiding precise movements, and (2) non-topographic visual information from the superior colliculus to the amygdala that would alert the …
What is the habenula?
The habenula is a pair of small nuclei located above the thalamus at its posterior end close to the midline (Fig. 1). It is regarded as part of the epithalamus, which includes the pineal body and the habenula. In many vertebrates, the habenula is divided into the medial habenula (MHb) and the lateral habenula (LHb).
What is the function of dorsomedial nucleus of hypothalamus?
The dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus is a nucleus of the hypothalamus. It is involved in feeding, drinking, body-weight regulation and circadian activity. More specifically, it is a necessary component for the expression of numerous behavioral and physiological circadian rhythms.
What is the mammillothalamic fasciculus?
The mammillothalamic tract ( mammillothalamic fasciculus, thalamomammillary fasciculus, bundle of Vicq d’Azyr) arises from cells in both the medial and lateral nuclei of the mammillary body and by fibers that are directly continued from the fornix.
What is the function of the mammillothalamic tract?
The mammillothalamic tract then connects the mammillary body to the dorsal tegmental nuclei, the ventral tegmental nuclei, and the anterior thalamic nuclei. The mammillothalamic tract was first described by the French physician, Félix Vicq d’Azyr, from whom it takes its alternate name (bundle of Vicq d’Azyr).
What are the different types of fascicle arrangements?
The most common patterns of fascicle arrangement are circular, parallel, convergent, and pennate. The fascicular pattern is circular when the fascicles are arranged in concentric rings. Muscles with this arrangement surround external body openings, which they close by contracting. The general term used for these kinds of muscles is “sphincter”.
What are fascicles made up of?
All skeletal muscle is made up of fascicles (bundles of fiber), but fascicle arrangements vary considerably, resulting in muscles with different shapes and functional capabilities.