What is Alphoid DNA?

What is Alphoid DNA?

The alphoid DNA family is composed of tandemly repeated sequences whose organization is chromosome specific. Under stringent conditions of hybridization, subsets of these sequences localize specifically to the centromeric region of a given chromosome.

What is satellite DNA explain?

Satellite DNA (satDNA) is the highly repetitive DNA consisting of short sequences repeated a large number of times. It carries a variable AT-rich repeat unit that often forms arrays up to 100 Mb. The monomer length of satDNA sequences ranges from 150 to 400 bp in the majority of plants and animals.

How many types of satellite DNA are there?

Satellite DNA structure The short tandem repeats (1-2 bp long) are called microsatellite or simple sequence repeats (SSRs), while the longer tandem repeats (10-60bp long) are called minisatellites or variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs).

Who discovered minisatellite DNA?

The utilization of polymorphic DNA markers, minisatellites (variable number tandem repeats), and microsatellites [short tandem repeats (STRs)] for human identification in forensic genetics was originally proposed by Sir Alec Jeffreys, University of Leicester, United Kingdom. 2.

What is called classical satellite DNA?

Classical satellite DNA includes both highly repeated sequences whose function is largely unclear and gene families such as the ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA). However, the tandemly repeated format inspired derivative names coined for shorter motifs.

What is repetitive DNA and satellite DNA?

Repetitive DNA and Satellite DNA are two types of DNA repeats found in the genome. Repetitive DNA are moderately-repeated DNA sequences while Satellite DNA are highly-repeated, short DNA sequences. The main difference between repetitive and satellite DNA is the degree of repetition.

What is the role of satellite DNA in DNA fingerprinting?

Satellite DNA, also termed as microsatellite, show relative uniformity within species and great variability between closely related species. Also, different individuals differ in a number of repeats of ssDNA. This DNA polymorphism is used in DNA fingerprinting to create DNA profiles of individuals.

What is the basis of classification of satellite DNA?

Classification of Satellite DNA : It is classified into two categories based on base composition, length of segment and number of repetitive units : VNTRs- Variable Number of Tandem repeats or minisatellites surrounded by conserved restriction site. Small DNA sequence is arranged tandemly in many copy numbers.

Which satellite DNA is used in DNA fingerprinting?

Minisatellites are the most highly variable sequence element in the human genome and the variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) is used for DNA fingerprinting analysis in forensic science.

What is the size of minisatellite DNA used as VNTR?

ten to one hundred base pairs
VNTRs are a type of minisatellite in which the size of the repeat sequence is generally ten to one hundred base pairs. Minisatellites are a type of DNA tandem repeat sequence, meaning that the sequences repeat one after another without other sequences or nucleotides in between them.

What is the difference between microsatellite and minisatellite?

The main difference between microsatellite and minisatellite is that the repeating unit of a microsatellite consists of 2-6 base pairs while the repeating unit of a minisatellite consists of 10-100 base pairs.

What is the difference between DNA and satellite DNA?

Differentiate between a template strand and coding strand of DNA….

What are the characteristics of satellite DNA?

Satellite DNA consists of very large arrays of tandemly repeating, non-coding DNA. Satellite DNA is the main component of functional centromeres, and form the main structural constituent of heterochromatin.

Which satellite is used in DNA fingerprinting?