Table of Contents
Why are triglycerides called triglycerides?
Triglycerides (see Fig. 37.3) comprise three fatty acids esterified with a glycerol backbone. ‘Triacylglycerols’ is the correct chemical name but they are more commonly known as ‘triglycerides’ and this term will be used throughout this chapter.
What is the difference between hyperlipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia?
Hyperlipidemia is above normal lipid (fat) levels in the blood, which include several types of lipids, including triglycerides. Hypercholesterolemia is above normal levels of LDL or total cholesterol in your blood. It doesn’t include triglycerides.
What is Type 4 hypertriglyceridemia?
Familial hypertriglyceridemia (type IV familial dyslipidemia) is a disorder characterized by the overproduction of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) from the liver. As a result, the patient will have an excessive number of triglycerides and VLDL on the lipid profile that can cause acute pancreatitis.
How do you name triacylglycerols?
Triglycerides (TGs, also called neutral fats, triacylglycerols, or triacylglycerides) are a common, simple type of lipid consisting of three long-chain fatty acids esterified to glycerol [126]. There are exogenous (chylomicrons) and endogenous (pre-β-lipoproteins) triglycerides.
Can hypertriglyceridemia cause diabetes?
Having high triglycerides does not cause diabetes. However, having them increases the likelihood of developing diabetes. And both diabetes and high triglycerides increase the risk of heart disease which can lead to heart attack or stroke, so having both compound that risk.
Can hypertriglyceridemia cause pancreatitis?
Severe hypertriglyceridemia is the third most common cause for acute pancreatitis, and has been estimated to account for nearly 9 percent of patients with acute pancreatitis.
Is hypertriglyceridemia genetic?
Familial hypertriglyceridemia is a genetic condition that causes the triglyceride levels in the blood to get too high. This relatively common condition affects about 1 in 500 people in the United States. Familial hypertriglyceridemia is typically inherited in a dominant manner.
Is hypertriglyceridemia reversible?
An approach to the management of hypertriglyceridemia is summarized in Box 3. All reversible causes should be treated. This may include improving glycemic control in patients with diabetes, treating hypothyroidism and stopping the use of medications that may cause elevated triglyceride levels.
How do you prevent hypertriglyceridemia?
Initiating a combination of fibrates, niacin, and/or fish oil to lower triglyceride levels to below 500 mg per dL is the primary goal. Because there is little evidence on preventing pancreatitis with hypertriglyceridemia treatment, combination therapy should be determined for individual patients and used with caution.
What is the difference between triacylglycerol and triglyceride?
The main difference between triacylglycerol and triglyceride is that triacylglycerol is the correct chemical name for an ester derived from glycerol bound to three fatty acids whereas triglyceride is the common name for the substance. Triglycerides are the main constituent of the animal and vegetable fats in the diet.
Can high triglycerides cause death?
Triglycerides are a type of fat found in the blood, which are usually measured along with cholesterol levels. Many studies have linked high triglycerides to increased risk for heart disease and death, but the topic is highly controversial.
Are triglycerides related to diabetes?
What is hypertriglyceridemia?
Hypertriglyceridemia denotes high (hyper-) blood levels (-emia) of triglycerides, the most abundant fatty molecule in most organisms.
What is the medical term for excess triglycerides in blood?
an excess of triglyceridesin the blood; a familial form occurs in hyperlipoproteinemiatypes I and IV. Miller-Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, and Allied Health, Seventh Edition. © 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. hy·per·tri·glyc·er·i·de·mi·a (hī’pĕr-trī-glis’er-i-dē’mē-ă),
What medications are used to treat hypertriglyceridemia?
Epanova (omega-3-carboxylic acids) is another prescription drug used to treat very high levels of blood triglycerides. As of 2006, the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia in the United States was 30%.
There is a hereditary predisposition to both primary and secondary hypertriglyceridemia. Acute pancreatitis may occur in people whose triglyceride levels are above 1000 mg/dL (11.3 mmol/L). Hypertriglyceridemia is associated with 1–4% of all cases of pancreatitis.