Table of Contents
What causes spike-wave?
Rather than a uniform disorder, spike-wave rhythms arise from the normal inherent network properties of brain excitatory and inhibitory circuits, where they can be provoked by many different insults in several different brain networks.
What do XL spikes mean on EEG?
Spikes or sharp waves are terms commonly seen in EEG reports. If these happen only once in a while or at certain times of day, they may not mean anything. If they happen frequently or are found in specific areas of the brain, it could mean there is potentially an area of seizure activity nearby.
What happens in slow wave sleep?
Slow-wave sleep (SWS) refers to phase 3 sleep, which is the deepest phase of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, and is characterized by delta waves (measured by EEG). Dreaming and sleepwalking can occur during SWS. SWS is thought to be important for memory consolidation.
What is Spike waveform?
Spike sorting is a class of techniques used in the analysis of electrophysiological data. Spike sorting algorithms use the shape(s) of waveforms collected with one or more electrodes in the brain to distinguish the activity of one or more neurons from background electrical noise.
Is a Persyst spike a seizure?
The presence of spikes and sharp waves in EEG data strongly support a diagnosis of epilepsy or an elevated risk of seizures. Their morphologic characteristics and spatial distribution are key aspects for either localizing potential foci of seizure origin or in establishing a syndromic diagnosis.
What does Persyst Spike mean?
Persyst Spike Detection accurately marks sharp waves and spikes with a very low rate of false positives. In a recent paper using the largest set of multi-reader spike data that we are aware of the Persyst Spike Detector was shown to be non-inferior to skilled human readers. Read paper. 1. 2.
What is a spike wave index?
The spike-wave index (SWI) aims to quantify the frequency of spikes in the EEG record, thought of as the percentage of non-REM sleep occupied by spike waves [14].
Which of the following is most likely to be associated with slow-wave sleep?
humans, like most other mammals, need REM sleep. Which of the following is most likely to be associated with slow-wave sleep? . fluctuations in energy level and alertness across the span of a day.
What is the difference between REM and slow-wave sleep?
REM sleep occurs 70 to 90 minutes after a person first falls asleep and is essential for emotional well-being. On the other hand, deep, slow-wave sleep, which occurs during non-REM periods, provides a homeostatic recalibration of blood pressure, an essential element of cardiovascular health.
What is a spike in the brain?
n. 1. in behavioral neuroscience, a train of electrical signals recorded from an individual neuron in the brain. Spikes are the action potentials or signals generated by neurons to communicate with one another.
What is Spike detection?
Spike detection is the task of distinguishing neural action potentials, or spikes, from background noise and interference. An example of spikes with background noise is shown in Fig. 7.1 Noise and interference comes from a variety of sources, both within and outside of the spike frequency range.
What is Spike analysis?
It is used to determine how much work will be required to solve or work around a software issue. Typically, a “spike test” involves gathering additional information or testing for easily reproduced edge cases. The term is used in agile software development approaches like Scrum or Extreme Programming.
What is Persyst seizure detection?
The Persyst Seizure Detector neural network uses a wide range of inputs from the EEG in order to determine the probability that the data in a particular segment represents an electrographic seizure. These inputs include the background activity, Artifact Reduction, Rhythmicity, Amplitude, Symmetry, and many more.
What does Persyst seizure mean on an EEG?
What do slow waves on EEG mean?
Focal slow wave activity on the EEG is indicative of focal cerebral pathology of the underlying brain region. Slowing may be intermittent or persistent, with more persistent or consistently slower activity generally indicating more severe underlying focal cerebral dysfunction.
How is Eses diagnosed?
Diagnosis of ESES is by demonstrating bilateral (rarely unilateral) continuous or near-continuous slow (1.5 to 3 Hz), diffuse, or bilateral, spike-wave discharges during NREM-sleep.
What part of the brain controls slow-wave sleep?
Some of the brain regions implicated in the induction of slow-wave sleep include: the parafacial zone (GABAergic neurons), located within the medulla oblongata.
What are the large slow brain waves associated with sleep called?
Delta waves are associated with the deep sleep stages: stage 3 and REM. During stage 3, less than half of brain waves consist of delta waves, while more than half of brain activity consists of delta waves during REM sleep.
What is continuous spikes and waves during sleep?
Continuous spikes and waves during sleep (CSWS) is a rare epileptic encephalopathy of childhood characterized by seizures, an electroencephalographic (EEG) pattern of electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES) and neurocognitive regression in at least 2 domains of development.
What is CSWS (continuous spikes during sleep)?
This epilepsy is also known as CSWS or epilepsy with continuous spike-wave during slow wave sleep. This syndrome is a very rare form of epilepsy, affecting 1 out of 200 (0.5%) children with epilepsy. CSWS may start in children between 2 and 12 years of age, most often between 4 and 5 years of age.
What is epilepticus during sleep?
Electrical status epilepticus during sleep was first described in 1971 as EEG abnormalities that became continuous with sleep onset and ceased to be continuous upon arousal, occupying at least 85% of slow sleep tracing [1].
What is CSWS (acute language only syndrome)?
CSWS is also related to a condition known as acquired epileptic aphasia, or Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS). This is an acquired syndrome characterized by subacute and progressive language only dysfunction, that occurs in an age-related manner.