What is a Maltoma?

What is a Maltoma?

MALT lymphoma (MALToma) is a form of lymphoma involving the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), frequently of the stomach, but virtually any mucosal site can be afflicted. It is a cancer originating from B cells in the marginal zone of the MALT, and is also called extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma.

Is Maltoma curable?

The majority of cases with MALT lymphoma are cured by eradication therapy, but there are cases that need to be treated with rituximab alone or in combination with other drugs.

What causes Maltoma?

Most cases of MALT lymphoma of the stomach are linked to a chronic stomach infection caused by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori. This infection causes inflammation of the stomach lining, with symptoms of indigestion and stomach pain. MALT lymphoma of the stomach is treated with antibiotics.

How do you treat Maltoma?

The most commonly used regimen comprises a PPI associated with clarithromycin and amoxicillin, administered for 10 to 14 days. Metronidazole can be used instead of amoxicillin for penicillin-allergic patients. H pylori eradication with antibiotics leads to gastric MALT lymphoma regression in 75% of cases.

What type of lymphoma is associated with Sjogren’s?

Sjögren’s syndrome is an inflammatory condition resulting from an abnormal immune system response. Along with causing symptoms such as dry eyes, dry mouth and joint pain, it can increase the risk of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), a cancer of white blood cells called lymphocytes.

What is MALT diagnosis?

Diagnosis and staging of MALT lymphoma. MALT lymphoma is usually diagnosed by removing a sample of tissue and looking at it under a microscope. This involves a small operation called a biopsy, which is usually done under a local anaesthetic. The biopsy sample is examined by an expert lymphoma pathologist.

Where is MALT found?

The mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), also called mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue, is a diffuse system of small concentrations of lymphoid tissue found in various submucosal membrane sites of the body, such as the gastrointestinal tract, nasopharynx, thyroid, breast, lung, salivary glands, eye, and skin.

What is low grade MALToma?

Low grade MALTOMA is composed of small cells with dense nuclear chromatin and a low proliferation fraction; the converse is true for diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Low grade gastric MALTOMA is a neoplasia with a very indolent course and an excellent prognosis.

Is MALT lymphoma genetic?

Interestingly, at least 3 different, apparently site-specific, chromosomal translocations and missense and frameshift mutations, all pathway-related genes affecting the NF-κB signal, have been implicated in the development and progression of MALT lymphoma.

What is the function of MALT?

The mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) initiates immune responses to specific antigens encountered along all mucosal surfaces. MALT inductive sites are secondary immune tissues where antigen sampling occurs and immune responses are initiated.

Is MALT in the conjunctiva?

Purpose: : The MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) is the part of the immune system located at mucosal surfaces. In ophthalmology it is present in the orbit, conjunctiva and lacrymal ducts.

How is malt lymphoma treated?

MALT lymphoma may be treated with the immunotherapy drug rituximab in combination with chemotherapy. This is called chemoimmunotherapy. Commonly used combinations of chemoimmunotherapy include: rituximab with chlorambucil.

Can MALT lymphoma come back?

MALT lymphoma often comes back (relapses) after successful treatment, often several years later. If MALT lymphoma comes back, it often affects the same organ as before but it can come back in other places.

What is Ocular MALT lymphoma?

The lymphoma may affect any part of the eye, such as the conjunctiva (conjunctival lymphoma), inside structure of the eye (intraocular lymphoma) or globe of the eye (the eyeball). This can lead to the signs and symptoms of Ocular MALT Lymphoma, which may include:

What is marginal zone lymphoma of eye (malt)?

Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Eye is a rare Non-Gastric Type of Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma. It can affect any part of the eye (such as the conjunctiva, inside structure, or globe of the eye) of older adults. The condition is also known as MALT Lymphoma of Eye or Ocular MALT Lymphoma

What is the difference between MALToma and malt?

MALToma occurs equally in men and women. Men usually have MALToma of the stomach, small intestine, kidney, and skin, whereas, in women, MALToma more commonly presents in the thyroid, soft tissues, and skin. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is the term used for extranodal marginal zone lymphoma and is referred to as MALToma.

What is the difference between gastric ulcer and MALToma?

Appearance is similar to gastric ulcer with adherent clot. MALT lymphoma ( MALToma) is a form of lymphoma involving the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), frequently of the stomach, but virtually any mucosal site can be afflicted.