Table of Contents
Is rifampicin concentration dependent?
tuberculosis. Rifampin achieved concentration-dependent intracellular steady-state concentrations within 15 min. Our results suggest that doses of rifampin higher than those currently employed would optimize the effect of rifampin, if patients could tolerate them.
In which disease rifampicin is used?
Rifampin is used with other medications to treat tuberculosis (TB; a serious infection that affects the lungs and sometimes other parts of the body).
What disease is contraindicated for rifampicin?
porphyria. hemolytic uremic syndrome, a condition that affects the kidney and the blood.
Which antibiotic is preferred for treatment of mycobacterium tuberculosis?
The usual treatment is: 2 antibiotics (isoniazid and rifampicin) for 6 months. 2 additional antibiotics (pyrazinamide and ethambutol) for the first 2 months of the 6-month treatment period.
What are time-dependent antibiotics?
The time-dependent killing pattern is dependent on the duration of pathogen exposure to an antibiotic. The hybrid pattern of antimicrobial activity involves both the duration of pathogen exposure to the antibiotic and a prolonged, persistent post-antibiotic effect.
What does concentration-dependent mean?
Concentration-Dependent Killing: Other classes of antibiotics, such as aminoglycosides and quinolones, have high concentrations at the binding site which eradicates the microorganism and, hence, these drugs are considered to have a different kind of bacterial killing, named concentration-dependent killing.
Why is rifampin used to treat TB?
Rifampin is a common medicine used to treat LTBI. It kills the sleeping TB germs before they make you sick. It can take many months for the medicine to kill the TB germs because they are strong. Take your Rifampin as often and as long as your doctor or nurse tells you.
What are time-dependent drugs?
The time-dependent antibiotics exert optimal bactericidal effect when drug concentrations are maintained above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Typically, concentrations are maintained at 2 to 4 times the MIC throughout the dosing interval.
Which antibiotics are concentration-dependent killing?
With concentration-dependent killing, prolonged postantibiotic activity, persisting even when concentrations are below MICs, is also often present. Concentration-dependent killing is characteristic of aminoglycosides, quinolones, azalides (azithromycin), ketolides, and vancomycin.
What is time-dependent and concentration-dependent antibiotics?
With the concentration-dependent killing pattern, the higher the drug concentration relative to pathogen minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), the greater the rate and extent of antimicrobial activity. The time-dependent killing pattern is dependent on the duration of pathogen exposure to an antibiotic.
What is the mode of action of rifampicin?
Mechanism of action — Rifampin is thought to inhibit bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, which appears to occur as a result of drug binding in the polymerase subunit deep within the DNA/RNA channel, facilitating direct blocking of the elongating RNA [6]. This effect is thought to be concentration related [7].
Does rifampin treat active TB?
As rifampin is the most important drug for the treatment of active TB, the development of rifampin resistance carries serious consequences to patients and society.
What is the action of rifampicin?
How does rifampicin work against TB?
Rifampin is a rifamycin antibiotic that exhibits bactericidal activity against M. tuberculosis. It inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity, which prevents bacterial RNA synthesis. It is available orally and intravenously.