What can cause a testicle to double in size?
Possible causes of an enlarged testicle include:
- Epididymitis. This is inflammation of the epididymis.
- Epididymal cyst. This is a growth in the epididymis caused by excess fluid.
- Orchitis.
- Hydrocele.
- Varicocele.
- Testicular torsion.
- Testicular cancer.
What does bilateral testicular microlithiasis mean?
Testicular microlithiasis (tes-TIK-yoo-lur my-kroh-lih-THIE-uh-sis) is a condition in which small clusters of calcium form in the testicles. It can be detected on an ultrasound exam of the scrotum. Several studies show a relationship between testicular microlithiasis and testicular cancer.
What causes bilateral testicular microlithiasis?
Cause. The cause is unknown, but this condition has been associated with testicular cancer in a small group of individuals, cryptorchidism, mumps, infertility and intraepithelial germ cell neoplasia.
Can testicular torsion be bilateral?
Bilateral testicular torsion is a rare condition with majority of cases occurring in neonates. Benge et al 2 described an acute bilateral testicular torsion in an adolescent. In bilateral simultaneous testicular torsion, scrotal examination can be misleading.
Can one testicle be double the size?
While there can be a small difference in the size of the two testicles, if one is truly twice as large as the other it could signify a problem. Problems such as lack of blood flow or too much blood flow in the smaller testicle can cause it to stop growing, an infection, or an abnormal growth in the larger testicle.
Is testicular microlithiasis genetic?
Testicular microlithiasis appeared to cluster in certain families. These findings suggest both a familial predisposition to TM and an association between TM and FTGCT. If proven, this could be clinically important to men in FTGCT families, and may be useful in identifying specific genes involved in FTGCT.
Is testicular microlithiasis normal?
Summary: Testicular microlithiasis is common and while microcalcifications do exist in roughly 50% of germ cell tumors the majority of men with testicular microlithiasis will not develop testicular cancer.
Is testicular microlithiasis common?
Can you have double testicular torsion?
Risk factors Testicular torsion is most common between ages 12 and 18. Previous testicular torsion. If you’ve had testicular pain that went away without treatment (intermittent torsion and detorsion), it’s likely to occur again. The more frequent the bouts of pain, the higher the risk of testicular damage.
How common is bilateral testicular torsion?
The incidence of testicular torsion in patients under 25 years of age is estimated at around 1 per 4000 (1). However, bilateral testicular torsion is an extremely rare entity.
How common is it for a man to have one testicle?
The American Urological Association report that 3–4 percent of full-term male newborns and 21 percent of those born prematurely have an undescended testicle. Usually, only one testicle does not descend. Both are undescended in 10 percent of cases.
Does testicular microlithiasis cause infertility?
Testicular microlithiasis (TM) is an uncommon pathologic condition that is commonly diagnosed by scrotal ultrasonography. Indirect evidence suggests that this syndrome may be associated with an increased risk of testicular malignancy and infertility.
Can testicular microlithiasis cause low testosterone?
A history of cryptorchidism was associated with presence of TM. Bilateral TM was associated with slightly lower testicular volume, sperm concentration, and total sperm count. TM was not significantly associated with serum testosterone or other reproductive hormones.
What are the symptoms of testicular microlithiasis?
Testicular microlithiasis is a condition of unknown cause where calcium deposits form in the lumina of seminiferous tubules or arise from the tubular basement membrane components. The microliths are asymptomatic, do not cause pain, and are so small that they are impalpable.
Can testicular torsion be missed on ultrasound?
“If you are still concerned after a normal ultrasound, consult urology.” A negative ultrasound decreases the likelihood of testicular torsion, says Couperus, “but errors in radiology reads and intermittent torsion can still occur.”
Is it normal for one testicle to hang more than another?
Most men’s testicles are about the same size, but it’s common for one to be slightly bigger than the other. It’s also common for one testicle to hang lower than the other. The testicles should feel smooth, without any lumps or bumps, and firm but not hard.
What is the Down syndrome screening test?
It is a screening test and cannot determine definitely whether or not a baby has Down syndrome. The test identifies those women who have an increased likelihood of Down syndrome pregnancy so that they can be offered a diagnostic test (such as chorionic villus sampling). The diagnostic test identifies women who actually have an affected pregnancy.
What is the triple test for Down syndrome?
The triple test is one of a range of screening tests that are used to identify pregnant women whose fetus is likely to be affected by trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) and who should then be offered a diagnostic test.
What are the odds of being screen positive for Down syndrome?
Overall, about 5 percent of women will be screen positive, and about 85 percent of Down syndrome pregnancies will be identified with the First Trimester Test. Overall, about 1 percent of women will be screen positive with the Integrated Test.
How is a person with Down’s syndrome recognised?
A person with Down’s syndrome can usually be recognised by their typical features. It can also cause learning disability and there are certain medical problems that someone with Down’s syndrome has an increased risk of developing.