Table of Contents
Which treatment is best for metastatic cancer?
Chemotherapy to treat metastatic breast cancer In general, doctors use most chemotherapy medicines to treat metastatic disease until side effects become a problem or the medicines stop being effective. Some chemotherapy medicines seem to work better against cancer tumors when they are combined.
What is metastasis PDF?
Metastasis is defined as the spread of cancer cells belonging to primer tumor to different tissue and organs. Metastasis which is the most dangerous stage of cancer development complicates the treatment of the disease and can lead death of the patients.
What is metastatic sequence?
The metastatic sequence can be conceptualized as detachment from the primary tumor followed by invasion, intravasation into a vessel, circulation, stasis within a vessel, extravasation, invasion of the recipient tissue bed, and ultimately proliferation.
How does radiation therapy work?
Radiation works by making small breaks in the DNA inside cells. These breaks keep cancer cells from growing and dividing and cause them to die. Nearby normal cells can also be affected by radiation, but most recover and go back to working the way they should.
What is hormone therapies?
Hormone therapy is a cancer treatment that slows or stops the growth of cancer that uses hormones to grow. Hormone therapy is also called hormonal therapy, hormone treatment, or endocrine therapy.
What are the mechanisms of metastasis?
These steps typically include separation from the primary tumor, invasion through surrounding tissues and basement membranes, entry and survival in the circulation, lymphatics or peritoneal space and arrest in a distant target organ.
What are metastasis what are its types?
Metastasis. In metastasis, cancer cells break away from where they first formed (primary cancer), travel through the blood or lymph system, and form new tumors (metastatic tumors) in other parts of the body. The metastatic tumor is the same type of cancer as the primary tumor.
What is homing in metastasis?
Tumor-homing is a complex, multistep process used by many cells to travel from a distant location to a tumor. Similar to tumor cells in the metastatic cascade, homing cells may become activated, intravasate, travel through circulation, extravasate, migrate and undergo phenotypic changes.
What TNM means?
T describes the size of the tumor and any spread of cancer into nearby tissue; N describes spread of cancer to nearby lymph nodes; and M describes metastasis (spread of cancer to other parts of the body).
What machines are used in radiation therapy?
A medical linear accelerator (LINAC) is the device most commonly used for external beam radiation treatments for patients with cancer. It delivers high-energy x-rays or electrons to the region of the patient’s tumor.