What clinical feature is characteristic of lepromatous leprosy?
Signs and symptoms of lepromatous leprosy include the following: Painless pale or red skin lesions without loss of sensation; lesions become raised as the disease progresses. Thickening of peripheral nerves with diminished sensation and burning or tingling sensations. Extensive sensory loss over a longer period.
Why is it called tuberculoid leprosy?
Tuberculoid leprosy is characterized by the formation of epithelioid cell granulomas with a large number of epithelioid cells. In this form of leprosy Mycobacterium leprae are either absent from the lesion or occur in very small numbers. This type of leprosy is the most benign and the least contagious.
What is lepromatous form?
Lepromatous leprosy is a form of leprosy characterized by pale macules in the skin.
What is Paucibacillary leprosy?
Paucibacillary (PB), or tuberculoid, Hansen’s disease is characterized by one or a few hypopigmented or hyperpigmented skin macules that exhibit loss of sensation (anesthesia) due to infection of the peripheral nerves supplying the region.
What is a tuberculoid?
Medical Definition of tuberculoid 1 : resembling tuberculosis and especially the tubercles characteristic of it. 2 : of, relating to, characterized by, or affected with tuberculoid leprosy.
Is lepromatous leprosy contagious?
Lepromatous leprosy. People with this type of leprosy have widespread sores and lesions affecting nerves, skin and organs. With lepromatous leprosy, the immune response is poor and the disease is more contagious.
Do the lesions of lepromatous leprosy contain macrophages?
Lepromatous leprosy exhibits multiple lesions of the skin, eyes, nerves, and lymph nodes. The sites of infection are characterized by the presence of foamy macrophages, fully packed with lipid droplets (LDs), which are induced by M. leprae.
What are characteristics of leprosy and tuberculoid?
Tuberculoid leprosy is associated with the most striking immune response and manifests as very dry, scaly, hypopigmented patches or plaques with very sharply defined edges. The plaques are usually anesthetic except those on the face. The number of lesions ranges from one to five.
Can leprosy be transmitted by kissing?
But leprosy isn’t that contagious. You can catch it only if you come into close and repeated contact with nose and mouth droplets from someone with untreated leprosy. Children are more likely to get leprosy than adults.
What are the stages of leprosy?
3. Ridley-Jopling classification
| Classification | Symptoms |
|---|---|
| Borderline tuberculoid Hansen’s disease | Lesions similar to tuberculoid but more numerous; more nerve involvement |
| Mid-borderline Hansen’s disease | Reddish plaques; moderate numbness; swollen lymph nodes; more nerve involvement |
What is the histopathology of lepromatous skin?
The histopathology of lepromatous skin varies according to the cell-mediated immunity of the host against Mycobacterium leprae. In tuberculoid and borderline tuberculoid leprosy, epithelioid noncaseating granulomas predominate, and acid-fast bacilli (AFB) are absent or only rarely present.
What is the pathophysiology of leprosy?
Leprosy is a chronic bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium leprae, an obligate intracellular, gram-positive organism. The main clinical types correlate with a specific histopathologic pattern. Lepromatous leprosy – Underneath a normal epidermis and grenz zone, there are sheets or clusters of macrophages (figure 1).
What is the difference between leprosy macrophages and bacteria?
Lepromatous leprosy: macrophages (Virchow cells, lepra) are found in poorly circumscribed masses in the dermis, with few / no lymphocytes; macrophages may be distended with large groups of leprosy bacilli (globi); bacteria are present in large numbers in cutaneous nerves and in endothelium and media…
What is lepromin positive leprosy?
lep·rom·a·tous lep·ro·sy a form of leprosy in which nodular cutaneous lesions are infiltrated, have ill-defined borders, and are bacteriologically positive; the lepromin test is negative, that is, the immunologic mechanism of the patient is not responsive to the Mycobacterium leprae infection.