What is the R1a gene?
Haplogroup R1a, or haplogroup R-M420, is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup which is distributed in a large region in Eurasia, extending from Scandinavia and Central Europe to southern Siberia and South Asia.
Is R1a originated in India?
This paper demonstrates that the R1a haplogroup which originated in India first diversified in present-day Iran. R1a-M420 is one of the most widely spread Y-chromosome haplogroups; however, its substructure within Europe and Asia has remained poorly characterized.
When did R1b and R1a split?
Using a rate of one SNP per 122 years, and based on an average branch length of 206 SNPs from the common ancestor of the 13 sequences, we estimate the bifurcation of R1 into R1a and R1b to have occurred ∼25 100 ago (95% CI: 21 300–29 000).
What is the DNA of Brahman?
The study concluded that about 83% of the Brahmins in the dataset belonged to four major haplogroups, of which two emerged from Central Asia, one from the Fertile Crescent, and one was of an indigenous Indian origin. Keywords: Brahmin; Haplogroup; Haplotype; India; Y-DNA; Y-chromosome.
How many Indians have R1a?
On the other hand, they do show up in the Y-DNA data: specifically, about 17.5% of Indian male lineage has been found to belong to haplogroup R1a (haplogroups identify a single line of descent), which is today spread across Central Asia, Europe and South Asia.
Which caste is higher in Brahmin?
A Brahmin is a member of the highest caste or varna in Hinduism. The Brahmins are the caste from which Hindu priests are drawn, and are responsible for teaching and maintaining sacred knowledge.
How old is R1a1?
The haplogroup R1a1* was found to have an age of 13 043.48 and 95% CI 9473.68–20 930.23 years.
What does R1a stand for in genetics?
In this system, names with the format “R1” and “R1a” are “phylogenetic” names, aimed at marking positions in a family tree. Names of SNP mutations can also be used to name clades or haplogroups.
What is the Indian origin of paternal haplogroup R1a1?
“The Indian origin of paternal haplogroup R1a1 (*)substantiates the autochthonous origin of Brahmins and the caste system”. Journal of Human Genetics. 54 (1): 47–55. doi: 10.1038/jhg.2008.2.
What is the prevalence of haplogroup R1a in Iran?
Di Cristofaro et al. (2013) found haplogroup R1a in 9.68% (18/186) of a set of samples from Iran, though with a large variance ranging from 0% (0/18) in a sample of Iranians from Tehran to 25% (5/20) in a sample of Iranians from Khorasan and 27% (3/11) in a sample of Iranians of unknown provenance.