Table of Contents
What is Thioflavin T fluorescence?
Thioflavin T (ThT) dye fluorescence is used regularly to quantify the formation and inhibition of amyloid fibrils in the presence of anti-amyloidogenic compounds such as polyphenols.
What is thioflavin staining?
Thioflavins are fluorescent dyes that are available as at least two compounds, namely Thioflavin T and Thioflavin S. Both are used for histology staining and biophysical studies of protein aggregation. In particular, these dyes have been used since 1989 to investigate amyloid formation.
How does Thioflavin T bind to amyloid fibrils?
This suggests that positive charge on the thioflavin T molecule has a role in its micelle formation that then bind the amyloid fibrils. Our data suggests that the micelles of thioflavin T bind amyloid fibrils leading to enhancement of fluorescence emission.
How do you dissolve Thioflavin T?
Preparation of Thioflavin T (ThT): Prepare 10 mM ThT stock (Dissolve 31.8 mg of ThT in 10 ml of Tris buffer, pH 8.0). Add 5% sodium azide (NaN3) to this solution so as the final NaN3 concentration is 0.01%. The solution is freshly prepared and filtered through 0.2 micron sterile syringe filter before use.
What does Thioflavin T do?
Thioflavin T (ThT) is a commonly used probe to monitor in vitro amyloid fibril formation. Upon binding to amyloid fibrils, ThT gives a strong fluorescence signal at approximately 482 nm when excited at 450 nm [2].
Is Thioflavin T light sensitive?
In contrast, the fluorochrome dyes, thioflavin S and T, exhibit a dramatic increase in fluorescent brightness upon binding to amyloid. The binding of thioflavin dyes is linked to the presence of cross-β structure in the amyloid fibrils, and this stain is very sensitive.
What is Thioflavin T used for?
What is the color of Thioflavin T?
Thioflavin T is a yellow powder with a molecular weight of 318.87. It is sometimes also known as Basic Yellow 1. Thioflavin T is a fluorescent compound with an excitation peak at 349 nm and an emission peak at 454 nm, giving it a fairly large Stokes’ Shift of 105nm.
What is ANS fluorescence?
8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) is an extensively utilized fluorescent probe for the characterization of protein binding sites. The literature is replete with data regarding ANS binding to buried hydrophobic sites of proteins.
What is ThT fluorescence?
Is ans a fluorophore?
ANS is often considered a non-fluorescence probe when bound to the exposed binding sites of proteins.
What is ANS chemistry?
8-Anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (ANS), also called 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate, is an organic compound containing both a sulfonic acid and an amine group. This compound is used as a fluorescent molecular probe.
Is Congo red fluorescent?
Congo red dye bound to amyloid is easily seen as red fluorescence using a filter for an excitation wavelength in the range 530 to 585 nm and emission at more than 600 nm [15], suitable for fluorochromes such as Texas red.
What does Congo red stain for?
Staining with Congo Red (CR) is a qualitative method used for the identification of amyloids in vitro and in tissue sections.
Why is Congo red stain used?
Congo red stain is used for the visual detection of amyloid in muscle and nerve fresh frozen sections in patients who have amyloidosis. The dyeing of amyloid is by a mechanism similar to the direct textile dyeing of cotton.
Is Congo red hydrophobic?
Congo red has a propensity to aggregate in aqueous and organic solutions. The proposed mechanisms suggest hydrophobic interactions between the aromatic rings of the dye molecules, leading to a π–π stacking phenomenon.
Is Congo red basic or acidic?
acid-base
Congo red is an acid-base indicator dye.
What is thioflavin T (THT) fluorescence?
Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence is a proven method to detect the amyloid fibrils that frequently accompany the development of serious human diseases, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, prion, and many other diseases 1, 2.
Does thioflavin T (THT) bind nucleic acids?
Thioflavin T (ThT), a water-soluble fluorescence probe and the conventional dye for the detection of amyloid fibrils has recently been demonstrated to recognize and bind nucleic acids. It induces the formation of G-quadruplex (G4) structure and appears as a sensor by emitting enhanced fluorescence.
What is the use of thioflavin T?
I have Thioflavin T which usually people using for in vitro staining of recombinant monomeric, oligomeric or PPF of a Syn. Thanks in advance.
Is thioflavin T A molecular rotor?
Stsiapura, V. I. et al. Thioflavin T as a molecular rotor: fluorescent properties of thioflavin T in solvents with different viscosity. J. Phys. Chem. B 112, 15893–15902 (2008). Groenning, M. Binding mode of Thioflavin T and other molecular probes in the context of amyloid fibrils-current status.