Table of Contents
How does rituximab work in NHL?
Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody. It targets a protein called CD20 on the surface of the leukaemia and lymphoma cells. Rituximab sticks to all the CD20 proteins it finds. Then the cells of the immune system pick out the marked cells and kill them.
How does rituximab induce apoptosis?
Rituximab-induced apoptosis in B-CLL cells is related to MAP-kinase phosphorylation and dependent on p38 activity. Binding of anti-CD20 antibodies to CD20 induces phosphorylation of protein tyrosine kinases and calcium mobilization in B-cell lines.
What is the target of rituximab?
Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody that targets CD20, an antigen expressed on the surface of pre-B and mature B-lymphocytes 1,2,3,12. About 85% of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) cases are B-cell lymphomas, characterized by the high expression of CD19, CD20 and CD22 cell surface antigens.
How does PD-L1 work?
When PD-1 binds to PD-L1, it basically tells the T cell to leave the other cell alone. Some cancer cells have large amounts of PD-L1, which helps them hide from an immune attack. Monoclonal antibodies that target either PD-1 or PD-L1 can block this binding and boost the immune response against cancer cells.
Is rituximab a monoclonal antibody?
Rituximab is a chimeric mouse/human monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy with binding specificity to CD20.
What is the role of CD20?
CD20 is a membrane-embedded surface molecule which plays a role in the development and differentiation of B-cells into plasma cells.
What is the mechanism of rituximab?
Mechanism of action of rituximab Rituximab, the humanized chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, represents a powerful tool for treating B-cell malignancies and is licensed for the treatment of relapsed or chemorefractory low-grade or follicular non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). It has a unique mode of action and can induce killing of …
Does rituximab kill B cells in vitro?
In Vitro Studies. In the absence of immune effector mechanisms, rituximab can induce death of malignant B cell lines in vitro. The strength of this effect varies considerably between target cell lines.7, 8, 9, 10 Signaling mediated by cross-linking of CD20 appears to be related to functional reorganization of CD20 into lipid rafts.
How does rituximab induce apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells?
The chimeric anti-CD20 antibody rituximab induces apoptosis in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells through a p38 mitogen activated protein-kinase-dependent mechanism. Blood. 2002;99(4):1314–9.
What is 2D CMC in rituximab?
2D. CMC – Conclusions CMC can clearly result in rapid cell death of rituximab-coated target cells, and is a prime mechanism of action for antibody therapy in some animal models. There is considerable data suggesting CMC occurs in patients after rituximab therapy, and that complement fixation plays a role in infusion reactions.