What is non-penetrating trauma?
Blunt trauma, also known as blunt force trauma or non-penetrating trauma, is physical trauma or impactful force to a body part, often occurring with road traffic collisions, direct blows, assaults, injuries during sports, and particularly in the elderly who fall.
What is a penetrating abdominal injury?
Thoraco-abdominal penetrating abdominal injury: An entry wound below the fifth intercostal space and above the costal margin. These are wounds that could have initially entered the chest and then penetrated the diaphragm to enter the abdomen.
What is the difference in Blunt vs penetrating abdominal injuries?
Penetrating abdominal trauma may involve peritoneal breaches, such as stabbing and gunshot wounds. Blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) refers to road traffic injuries and injuries due to falls where impact or countercoup wounds enter the peritoneal cavity and are more common than penetrating abdominal trauma [2].
What are the types of abdominal trauma?
Abdominal injuries include severe subcutaneous haemorrhage, laceration of the abdominal wall, intra-abdominal haemorrhage, rupture of the liver, rupture of the diaphragm, perirenal haemorrhage, and puncture wounds to the stomach and intestines.
What is the role of non operative management in penetrating abdominal trauma?
Nonoperative management of penetrating abdominal trauma invokes several important principles [Table 4]. First, adequate resources have to be present in order to provide continued and timely monitoring of the injured, with the ability to promptly detect failure of nonoperative therapy.
What is the most common type of abdominal trauma?
The majority of abdominal injury patients sustained blunt trauma (95%) and only 5% had penetrating injuries [Table 1]. MVCs were the most frequent mechanism of injury (61%) followed by fall from height (25%) and fall of heavy object (7%). The penetrating abdominal trauma was mainly due to stab (4.5%) wounds.
What are some non operative management strategies for blunt abdominal trauma?
In blunt abdominal trauma, including severe solid organ injuries, selective nonoperative management has become the standard of care. Angiography is a valuable modality in nonoperative management of abdominal solid organ injuries from blunt trauma in adults.
What is non operative treatment?
The treatment of patients who have suffered serious illnesses, injuries, or trauma without urgent surgery, as with a period of fluid resuscitation, stabilization of vital signs, antibiotics, and analgesics.
What is the most frequently injured organ in abdominal trauma?
The liver is the most frequently injured abdominal organ.
What is a non operative?
nonoperative (not comparable) Not requiring or involving a medical operation or surgery. Not operative, not operational; inoperative.
What is non operative therapy?
Nonoperative treatment consists of continued patient compliance with smoking cessation, elevation and limb range of motion. A posterior splint that allows for ankle and subtalar joint range of motion is advised at 2-5 days.
What does pre surgery mean?
Medical Definition of presurgical : occurring before, performed before, or preliminary to surgery presurgical care.
How should penetrating abdominal trauma be managed?
Until the late 19th century, when Sims and others began recommending intervention, penetrating abdominal trauma was managed expectantly, with rest, wound dressings, bloodletting, and opium, with high mortality rates [1]. Around the time of World War I, operative management became the accepted standard for penetrating wounds to the abdomen.
What is the prognosis of penetrating abdominal trauma?
The vast majority of patients with penetrating abdominal trauma managed nonoperatively may be discharged after twenty-four hours of observation in the presence of a reliable abdominal examination and minimal to no abdominal tenderness.
What are the nom practice management guidelines for penetrating abdominal trauma?
Practice management guidelines for NOM of penetrating abdominal trauma must be tempered with the maturity of the trauma center and the availability of a trauma team experienced in the evaluation of all diagnostic methods.
If the wound was caused by a projectile, then a penetrating abdominal injury could result from an entry wound in almost any part of the body These are the 4 regions of the abdomen to consider in penetrating injury: — Between the anterior axillary lines; bound by the costal margin superiorly and the groin crease distally.