Table of Contents
What is varus stress of elbow?
The Varus Instability (Stress) Test at the elbow is a common orthopedic test to assess the integrity of the lateral collateral ligament at the elbow joint.
Which ligament does the varus stress test of the elbow stress?
An adduction or varus force is applied at the distal forearm by the examiner to test the radial collateral ligament.
What causes elbow varus?
Elbow varus torque is generated not only by tension in the medial elbow but also by compression on the lateral elbow, with nearly one third of varus torque produced by compression between the radial head and humeral capitellum; this can lead to OCD, osteochondral chip fractures, or avascular necrosis (AVN) (Fleisig et …
Which elbow ligament resists a valgus force?
The medial collateral ligament (MCL)
The medial collateral ligament (MCL) resists valgus force and supports the ulnohumeral joint. The lateral collateral ligament (LCL) prevents rotational instability between the distal humerus and the proximal radius and ulna.
What elbow ligament supports against varus force?
the annular ligament
While the annular ligament plays a static stabilizing role against excessive varus stress at the elbow, the annular ligament’s primary stabilizing role functions at the proximal radioulnar articulation.
What is the difference between valgus stress and varus stress?
The valgus stress test (photo A) is used to assess the integrity of the medial collateral ligament, while the varus stress test (photo B) is used to assess the lateral collateral ligament.
What causes cubitus valgus?
There are two possible causes for cubitus valgus: a congenital condition or a fracture. The two congenital conditions that commonly cause cubitus valgus are Turner syndrome and Noonan syndrome. Turner syndrome is a chromosomal disorder in which a female is born with only one X chromosome.
How do you remember varus vs valgus stress test?
Mnemonic. The L of “lateral” is also in valgus, but not in varus. When also remembering that the direction of the distal part is key: distal (more) lateral means valgus and distal (more) medial means varus.
Which ligament complex prevents varus distortion of the elbow joint?
The medial collateral ligament complex. The MCL (Fig. 25.4) is divided into an anterior bundle, posterior bundle and transverse ligament.
What causes carrying angle elbow?
Certain fractures of the elbow can increase the carrying angle of the elbow, causing the arms to stick out too much from the body. This is called an excessive carrying angle. Other fractures of the elbow can decrease the carrying angle of the elbow. If the angle is decreased, the arm points toward the body.
What is the difference between a valgus test and an varus test?
What are the valgus and varus stress tests of the elbow?
Elbow Valgus and Varus Stress Tests This video outlines the valgus and varus tests of the elbow to assess the MCL (ulnar collateral) and LCL (radial collateral) respectively. The examiner passively places the patient’s elbow in slight flexion (approx. 20-30 degrees), and stabilizes the distal arm with one hand.
What is the difference between valgus and varus stress?
It is appropriate to apply valgus stress to a ligament on the medial side of the joint and varus stress to a ligament on the lateral side of the joint. When valgus stress is applied to a joint, the distal end of the valgus segment moves laterally away from midline.
When is it appropriate to perform stress maneuvers on the elbow?
It is appropriate to perform stress maneuvers on the affected joints of the elbow, knee, and ankle when a traumatic injury has occurred. It is important to understand which type of stress maneuver should be performed to stretch the ligament in the correct direction to better visualize the extent of injury.