What is transcription factors in immunology?
Transcription factors are proteins that regulate the transcription of genes, or the production of mRNA from DNA. Their unique feature is their ability to bind DNA at sequences known as promoter or enhancer regions.
What is cell surface marker?
The cell surface marker refers to the separation of fluorescent cells by flow cytometry under the detection of a fluorescence activation system using mainly the feature of the cell surface with a specific membrane protein (i.e., surface marker), which is bound by a specific antibody.
What does CD19 positive mean?
Since CD19 is a marker of B cells, the protein has been used to diagnose cancers that arise from this type of cell – notably B cell lymphomas, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The majority of B cell malignancies express normal to high levels of CD19.
What is the purpose of cell markers?
Cell markers serve as a monogram to help identify and classify cells. The majority are molecules or antigens within the plasma membrane of cells. Specific combinations of markers are unique to different cell types. These molecules are not merely markers, but also have important functional roles.
What is a cell surface marker made of?
Cell surface markers are proteins and carbohydrates which are attached to the cellular membrane, allowing cell surface markers to play an integral role in intercellular signaling.
What is CD19 in a blood test?
B-lymphocyte antigen CD19 also known as CD19 (Cluster of Differentiation 19), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD19 gene. It is found on the surface of B-cells, a type of white blood cell.
What are examples of transcription factors?
Mechanistic
| Examples of specific transcription factors | ||
|---|---|---|
| Factor | Structural type | Recognition sequence |
| SP1 | Zinc finger | 5′-GGGCGG-3′ |
| AP-1 | Basic zipper | 5′-TGA(G/C)TCA-3′ |
| C/EBP | Basic zipper | 5′-ATTGCGCAAT-3′ |
Where are cell markers located?
cell surface
Cell markers are a unique set of proteins located on the cell surface that enable the identification, classification, and visualisation of cells with antibodies; these antibodies can be directed against a singular target or multiple targets depending on the cell type and the unique set of cell markers present.