Table of Contents
Is acyclovir soluble in water?
According to different Pharmacopoeias, acyclovir is “slightly solubility in water” at 22-25 °C and solubility ranges from 1.2 to 1.6 mg/mL. The solubility of the drug varies slightly with pH and lowest solubility of 2.3mg/mL reported at pH 5.8 at 37 °C (Luengo et al., 2002, Susantakumar, Gaur, Sharma, 2011).
Is aciclovir hydrophilic?
Acyclovir is a hydrophilic drug with a volume of distribution (Vd) of 0.6 L/kg and a partition coefficient (log P) of −1.56 [4]. Therefore, acyclovir is distributed in the ‘lean’ body compartment, which consists of all the ‘non-fat’ mass-like muscles and the vascular system.
What is acyclovir soluble in?
Acyclovir is soluble in organic solvents such as DMSO and dimethyl formamide, which should be purged with an inert gas. The solubility of acyclovir in these solvents is approximately 16 and 1 mg/ml, respectively.
Is acyclovir lipophilic?
The antiviral drug acyclovir (ACV) suffers from poor solubility both in lipophilic and hydrophilic environment, leading to low and highly variable bioavailability.
Is valacyclovir a prodrug?
Valacyclovir is the valyl ester of the antiviral drug acyclovir [1]. Acting as an oral prodrug, valacyclovir is converted in vivo to acyclovir.
Is there a liquid form of valacyclovir?
Your pharmacist may prepare an oral suspension (liquid) form of valacyclovir. Shake this suspension before you measure a dose. Use the dosing syringe provided, or use a medicine dose-measuring device (not a kitchen spoon). Lesions caused by herpes viruses should be kept as clean and dry as possible.
Can I grind valacyclovir?
You may take valacyclovir with or without food. Swallow each tablet whole with water. Do not chew it.
Can I mix acyclovir with valacyclovir?
Interactions between your drugs No interactions were found between acyclovir and valacyclovir. However, this does not necessarily mean no interactions exist. Always consult your healthcare provider.
Why acyclovir is a prodrug?
This prodrug provides the opportunity to design regimes that are more convenient for the patient and may be more effective than acyclovir itself in the therapy of the less sensitive herpes viruses (e.g. Epstein-Barr virus and the Cytomegalovirus).
How is acyclovir metabolised?
Sequential oxidation reactions by alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase metabolize acyclovir to CMMG, and aldehyde oxidase metabolizes acyclovir to 8-OH-ACV (10, 23).
Why is valacyclovir a prodrug?
Acting as an oral prodrug, valacyclovir is converted in vivo to acyclovir. Acyclovir, a nucleoside analog, is phosphorylated by virally-encoded thymidine kinase and subsequently by cellular enzymes, yielding acyclovir triphosphate, which competitively inhibits viral DNA polymerase.
How is valacyclovir metabolized?
After absorption, valacyclovir is converted to acyclovir by the liver, which is metabolized intracellularly in viral infected cells and is excreted largely unchanged by the kidneys.
Can Valtrex be dissolved in water?
Valacyclovir hydrochloride is a white to off-white powder with the molecular formula C13H20N6O4•HCl and a molecular weight of 360.80. The maximum solubility in water at 25°C is 174 mg/mL.
Does valacyclovir come in liquid form?
How long does it take Valtrex to dissolve?
On its own, its half-life is approximately 30 minutes. However, once valacyclovir has converted into acyclovir, it has a half-life of 2.5 to 3.3 hours in people with normal renal function.
What is the solubility of valacyclovir hydrochloride in water?
Solubility in water: 174 mg/mL / Valacyclovir hydrochloride / O’Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index – An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals.
What is valacyclovir made out of?
Pharmacology. Valacyclovir is the hydrochloride salt of the L-valyl ester of the antiviral drug acyclovir. Orally administered, valacyclovir is rapidly converted to acyclovir which inhibits viral DNA replication after further conversion to the nucleotide analog acyclovir triphosphate by viral thymidine kinase, cellular guanyl cyclase,…
How many milligrams of valacyclovir are in a 500mg tablet?
Valacyclovir Tablets, USP 500-mg: Blue, film-coated, capsule-shaped tablets, debossed with “Y131” on one side contains 556.2 mg of Valacyclovir hydrochloride equivalent to 500 mg of the free base.
What is valacyclovir used to treat?
Valacyclovir is an antiviral drug used in the management of herpes simplex, herpes zoster, and herpes B. ;IC50 Value: 2.9 microg/ml (for HSV-1 W) [4].