Table of Contents
What is the purpose of restriction digest?
Restriction digestion is usually used to prepare a DNA fragment for subsequence molecular cloning, as the procedure allows fragments of DNA to be pieced together like building blocks via ligation.
What is MutS and MutL?
MutS can recognize such a mismatch, bind it, and then bind to another molecule called ATP. MutS then changes shape and encircles the DNA like a clamp that can slide along the DNA. Only when it forms this “sliding clamp” state can MutS recruit another protein called MutL.
What is the function of the MutS MutL MutH protein complex?
MutS, MutL, and MutH initiate MMR and play specialized biological roles in MMR in E. coli. MutS recognizes base-base mismatches and small nucleotide insertion/deletion (ID) mispairs, and thus MutS has been called the “mismatch recognition” protein 3. MutS possesses intrinsic ATPase activity.
What are Isocaudomers explain with suitable examples?
Isocaudomers are restriction endonucleases that produce the same nucleotide extensions but have different recognition sites. The examples are NcoI from Nocardia corallina and PagI from Pseudomonas alcaligenes. They bind different DNA sequences but produce the same sticky ends.
Why do we need restriction enzymes?
Restriction enzymes have proved to be invaluable for the physical mapping of DNA. They offer unparalleled opportunities for diagnosing DNA sequence content and are used in fields as disparate as criminal forensics and basic research.
How is protein digested in the stomach?
Protein digestion begins when you first start chewing. There are two enzymes in your saliva called amylase and lipase. They mostly break down carbohydrates and fats. Once a protein source reaches your stomach, hydrochloric acid and enzymes called proteases break it down into smaller chains of amino acids.
What is the pH of protein in the stomach?
Protein digestion in the stomach Because of the hydrochloric acid in the stomach, it has a very low pH of 1.5-3.5. The acidity of the stomach causes food proteins to denature, unfolding their three-dimensional structure to reveal just the polypeptide chain.
What enzymes break down protein in the stomach?
They mostly break down carbohydrates and fats. Once a protein source reaches your stomach, hydrochloric acid and enzymes called proteases break it down into smaller chains of amino acids. Amino acids are joined together by peptides, which are broken by proteases.
How are amino acids broken down in the small intestine?
Once a protein source reaches your stomach, hydrochloric acid and enzymes called proteases break it down into smaller chains of amino acids. Amino acids are joined together by peptides, which are broken by proteases. From your stomach, these smaller chains of amino acids move into your small intestine.