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Who is Braj Kachru and what is significant contribution did he give about the English language?
(Paper 4) English as a Global Language: What are ‘Kachru’s Three Circles of English’? Braj Kachru was a Professor of Linguistics who coined the term ‘World English’. ‘World English’ refers to the fact that the English language has been used as a global means of communication in numerous dialects worldwide.
What do you call the model proposed by Braj Kachru?
For many sociolinguists the most important and accurate model is the one proposed by Braj Kachru in 1988. His “Three circle model of World Englishes”, states that there are three circles inside which, the different speakers are classified.
What is Kachru’s concentric circle all about?
These circles signify “the type of spread, the pattern of acquisition, and the functional domains in which English languge is used across cultures and languages” (Kachru 1985:p12).
Who introduced English as official language of India?
Thomas Babington Macaulay
Detailed Solution. English was made the official language of India in the year 1835. It was done during the tenure of William Bentinck (1828-1835) as the Governor-General of India. It was based on suggestions by Thomas Babington Macaulay in his “Minute on Indian Education” in the year 1835.
Which of the Kachru circles does the Philippine English belong?
Like other languages, PhE has its own varieties. Martin (2014 ) posits that circles of English in the Philippines exist within Kachru’s (1985 ) outer circle of WEs.
What means inner circle?
Definition of inner circle : a small group of people who lead a government or an organization or who are close to its leader The President has an inner circle of advisers.
What is outer circle in language?
The Outer Circle consists of countries where English is used as a second language in multilingual settings such as Malaysia, Singapore, India, Nigeria, and their English is norm-developing.
Who invented English language in India?
Thomas Babington, better known as Lord Macaulay, is the man who brought the English language and British education to India. His highly debatable introduction of the English language and the approach to minimalise the use of traditional languages makes an interesting read.
What are the limitations of Kachru’s model?
Limitations with Kachru’s model Grey area between Inner and Outer Circles as well as Outer and Expanding Circles. The world’s bilingual or multilingual speakers are not taken into account. Difficulty of using the model to define speakers in terms of their proficiency in English.
What is Modiano’s model?
In Modiano’s model of English, the center consists of users of English as an International Language, with a core set of features which are comprehensible to the majority of native and competent non-native speakers of English.
Who promoted English education?
William Bentinck
William Bentinck, the then governor general of India, came up with a one-line approval of this minute in the parliament and got the English Education Act 1835 passed. It came into effect in 1859.
What are the 3 concentric circles of English?
The Three Concentric Circles Model represents the spread of the English language in terms of three concentric circles: the Inner Circle, the Outer Circle and the Expanding Circle (Kachru, 1985).
Who owns Inner Circle?
Founder & CEO David Vermeulen founded Inner Circle in 2012 after coming out of a long-term relationship. He found online dating websites untrustworthy with fake profiles and photos.
Is Inner Circle a good dating site?
Let’s talk about profile quality The Inner Circle is a “selective” dating site that targets educated, successful, and ambitious professionals. Though the platform lacks fake profiles and scams, the level of competition is so high that you will need all your charm to draw other people’s attention and find matches.
What country is outer circle?
Countries in the outer circle include India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines, Singapore, South Africa, and more than 50 other nations. Low Ee Ling and Adam Brown describe the outer circle as “those countries in the earlier phases of the spread of English in non-native settings[,] . . .
Who is Braj Behari Kachru?
Braj Behari Kachru was born in Srinagar, Kashmir, India, on May 15, 1932. He was educated at the University of Allahabad, Deccan College, Pune, and the University of Edinburgh. He was Professor of Linguistics, Jubilee Professor of Liberal Arts and Sciences, and Center for Advanced Study Professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Who was the father of Braj Kachru?
His father, Pandit Damodar Das Kachru was an educator. His mother, Sati, died when he was five years old. Braj’s father was also known as Lala Sahab and was a friend of Kashmiri poet and writer Zinda Kaul Masterji.
Is Dr Rajesh Kachru married?
He was married to Yamuna Kachru, herself an authority on Hindi grammar and English discourse, honored by the President of India, who passed away in 2013. They have a daughter, Amita, a physician in Santa Rosa, California, and son, Shamit, Professor of Physics at Stanford University, and two granddaughters, Sasha and Ila.
Where are the Collected Works of Braj B Kachru published?
The collected works of Braj B. Kachruhave been published by Bloomsbury, London, in three volumes so far.