Table of Contents
What is temporal relationship in cross-sectional study?
The temporal relationship between exposure and disease outcomes can be unclear, i.e., which came first. Cross-sectional studies tend to identify prevalent cases of long duration , since people who die quickly or recover quickly or who are no longer employed in a particular occupation are less likely to be identified.
Can cross-sectional studies determine temporality?
3.4. The cross-sectional study cannot be used to infer causality because a temporal sequence cannot be established. Nevertheless, this type of study is used to generate descriptive statistics regarding the disease/outcome burden in a population, or to determine background exposure rates.
What is temporal relationship between exposure and outcome?
Clarity of Temporal Sequence (Did the exposure precede the outcome?): Cohort studies more clearly indicate the temporal sequence between exposure and outcome, because in a cohort study, subjects are known to be disease-free at the beginning of the observation period when their exposure status is established.
What are cross-sectional relationships?
Cross-sectional studies are observational in nature and are known as descriptive research, not causal or relational, meaning that you can’t use them to determine the cause of something, such as a disease. Researchers record the information that is present in a population, but they do not manipulate variables.
Which type of study design can assess temporal relationship?
Study Design Because exposure is identified before the outcome, cohort studies have a temporal framework to assess causality and thus have the potential to provide the strongest scientific evidence.
What does a cross-sectional study determine?
Cross-sectional studies measure the cause (exposure) and the effect (disease) at the same point in time. They compare the rates of diseases or symptoms of an exposed group with an unexposed group. Strictly speaking, the exposure information is ascertained simultaneously with the disease information.
What is the advantage of a cross-sectional study?
Advantages. Because you only collect data at a single point in time, cross-sectional studies are relatively cheap and less time-consuming than other types of research. Cross-sectional studies allow you to collect data from a large pool of subjects and compare differences between groups.
What is temporal relationship in epidemiology?
Temporal relationship: If a factor is believed to be the cause of a disease, exposure to the factor must have occurred before the disease developed.
What is a cross-sectional design study?
A cross-sectional study is a type of research design in which you collect data from many different individuals at a single point in time. In cross-sectional research, you observe variables without influencing them.
What is temporality in study design?
Abstract. Temporality is a crucial dimension of the topic and the methodology of the book as it is based on a qualitative study that is three-generational as well as longitudinal. Time has also infiltrated the research process itself. This chapter introduces the study, the sample and the methods applied.
Do cross-sectional studies have independent and dependent variables?
Cross-sectional studies let researchers study one independent variable as the main focus and examine its effects on one or more dependent variables. Similar research may look at the same variable of interest, but each study observes a new set of subjects.
What are the strength and weakness of cross-sectional study?
Advantages/Disadvantages of Cross-Sectional Study
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| Cheap and quick | Useless for determining cause and effect |
| Multiple variables at the time of a data snapshot | Snapshot timing may not be representative |
| Data works for various types of research | Flawed if there is a conflict of interest |
What are spatial and temporal relationships?
Spatial relationships indicate physical position, such as ‘above,’ ‘below,’ or ‘inside. ‘ Temporal relationships, on the other hand, indicate sequence, logic, and time, such as ‘secondly,’ ‘hourly,’ or ‘before lunchtime.
What does temporal association mean?
Temporal association between two disorders or clinical problems refers to their hypothesized relationship in terms of time of onset, most often inferring a causal or contributory relationship.
Why do we use cross-sectional study?
Cross-sectional designs are used for population-based surveys and to assess the prevalence of diseases in clinic-based samples. These studies can usually be conducted relatively faster and are inexpensive. They may be conducted either before planning a cohort study or a baseline in a cohort study.