Table of Contents
How is CT hydrocephalus measured?
What are the CT/MRI criteria for diagnosis of acute hydrocephalus…
- Size of both temporal horns is greater than 2 mm, clearly visible.
- Ratio of the largest width of the frontal horns to maximal biparietal diameter (ie, Evans ratio) is greater than 30% in hydrocephalus.
What is NPH in medical terminology?
Definition. Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is an abnormal buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain’s ventricles, or cavities. It occurs if the normal flow of CSF throughout the brain and spinal cord is blocked in some way. This causes the ventricles to enlarge, putting pressure on the brain.
What does ex vacuo dilation mean?
Hydrocephalus ex-vacuo occurs when a stroke or injury damages the brain and brain matter actually shrinks. The brain may shrink in older patients or those with Alzheimer’s disease, and CSF volume increases to fill the extra space. In these instances, the ventricles are enlarged, but the pressure usually is normal.
How do you diagnose NPH?
How is normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) diagnosed?
- Imaging tests. Your provider will order a CT scan or MRI of your head to look for enlarged ventricles in your brain, if appropriate.
- Cerebrospinal fluid tests.
- Gait analysis (walking).
- Neuropsychological testing.
How do you diagnose normal pressure hydrocephalus?
How is normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) diagnosed?
- Imaging tests. Your provider will order a CT scan or MRI of your head to look for enlarged ventricles in your brain, if appropriate.
- Cerebrospinal fluid tests.
- Gait analysis (walking).
- Neuropsychological testing.
How is Evans index calculated?
(A) Evans Index (EI) = t/T. (B) Anteroposterior diameter of the lateral ventricle index (ALVI) = y/Y.
What does SC mean in medical terms?
subcutaneous
List of medical abbreviations: S
| Abbreviation | Meaning |
|---|---|
| SC | Spinal Cord or subcutaneous (from Latin subcutis) |
| SCA | spinocerebellar ataxia |
| SCAT | sex cord tumor with annular tubes |
| SCC | squamous cell carcinoma |
What is ex vacuo dilatation of the temporal horn?
Hydrocephalus ex vacuo, also known as compensatory enlargement of the CSF spaces, is a term used to describe the increase in the volume of CSF, characterized on images as an enlargement of cerebral ventricles and subarachnoid spaces, caused by encephalic volume loss.
How Is NPH Diagnosed?
To confirm a diagnosis of normal pressure hydrocephalus, one or more of the following tests are done: Brain imaging: Imaging of the brain’s structure to detect enlargement of the ventricles, often with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or CT scan, plays a key role in diagnosing normal pressure hydrocephalus.
What is Evan’s index?
The Evans index (EI) is defined as the ratio of the maximal width of the frontal horns to the maximum inner skull diameter. First proposed by Evans in 1942, it has been used to indirectly assess the expansion of the ventricular system in encephalography (Evans, 1942).
What is Evans ratio?
The Evans ratio is defined as the maximum ventricular width (red line) divided by the largest biparietal distance between the inner tables of the skull (green line). An Evans ratio of at least 0.3 may be consistent with a diagnosis of hydrocephalus.
What is Hakim Adams?
The idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (Hakim – Adams syndrome) is characterized by the expansion of cerebrospinal cavities, which is clinically manifested by triad symptoms: cognitive impairment, impaired gait and urination.
What does SC mean in ophthalmology?
sc: without correction. VA or V: visual acuity, vision. W: present glasses prescription. Diagnosis and Treatments. APD: afferent pupillary defect.
What does SC mean on a prescription?
Pharmacy Abbreviations
| Abbreviation | Meaning |
|---|---|
| SC | subcutaneous |
| SL | sublingual |
| ss. | half |
| stat. | immediately |
What is normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH)?
Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is an abnormal buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain’s ventricles, or cavities. It occurs if the normal flow of CSF throughout the brain and spinal cord is blocked in some way. This causes the ventricles to enlarge, putting pressure on the brain.
How is normal pressure hydrocephalus characterized on CT and MRI?
Normal pressure hydrocephalus. It is classically characterized by the triad of gait apraxia, urinary incontinence, and dementia, although not all patients with the condition have all three. On imaging, it can be characterized both on CT and MRI by enlarged lateral and third ventricles out of proportion to the cortical sulcal enlargement.
How is normal pressure hydrocephalus treated?
How is normal pressure hydrocephalus treated? A commonly used treatment for NPH is surgery to place a tube, called a shunt, into the brain to drain the excess fluid. The shunt is usually inserted into a ventricle in the brain and then passed under your skin from your head through your neck and chest to your abdomen.
What is a normal CSF opening pressure in NPH?
Clinical presentation. As the name suggests, mean CSF opening pressure is within the normal range (<18 cmH 2 O or 13 mmHg) 3 . A classic neurological sign in NPH is magnetic gait, where the patients’ feet appear to be magnetically attached to the floor.