Is white adipose tissue affected by gene expression?
These data revealed that different levels of ambient plasma leptin have dramatic effects on the gene expression profile and phenotype of white adipose tissue.
What are the characteristics of white adipose tissue?
White adipose tissue (WAT) is a heterogeneous tissue composed of lipid-filled adipocytes and several nonadipocyte cell populations, including endothelial, blood, uncharacterized stromal, and adipocyte precursor cells.
What is unique about the adipose tissue?
In addition to adipocytes, adipose tissue contains numerous other cells that are able to produce certain hormones in response to signals from the rest of the organs throughout the body.
What does white adipose tissue contain?
White Adipose Tissue (WAT) White adipocytes are rounded cells that contain a single large fat droplet that occupies over 90% of the cell volume and the mitochondria and nucleus are squeezed into the remaining cell volume.
Which mechanism restricts the expression of leptin to adipocytes only adipocytes contain?
Which mechanism restricts the expression of leptin to adipocytes? Only adipocytes contain: the ob gene.
Why do we need to reverse transcribe the mRNA to cDNA before PCR and sequencing quizlet?
Why do we need to reverse transcribe the mRNA to cDNA before PCR and sequencing? In an mRNA sample some transcripts are highly abundant while others are rare. What would be the status of the corresponding cDNA sample. The cDNA quantity will represent the mRNA quantity.
What are the differences between white and brown adipose tissues?
White adipocytes, or white fat cells, have a single lipid droplet, but brown adipocytes contain many small lipid droplets, and a high number of iron-containing mitochondria. It is this high iron content that gives brown fat its dark red to tan color.
What are adipose tissues differentiate white fat with brown fat?
While white adipose tissue is specialized for energy storage, brown adipose tissue has a high concentration of mitochondria and uniquely expresses uncoupling protein 1, enabling it to be specialized for energy expenditure and thermogenesis.
What is the difference between brown and white adipose tissue?
Both types of adipose tissue are made up of loose connective tissue. The main difference between brown fat and white fat is that brown adipose tissue is a less common type of fat in the body that is thermogenic whereas white adipose tissue is the most abundant and non-thermogenic.
How is adipose tissue different from most other connective tissue types?
Adipose tissue, or fat tissue, is considered a connective tissue even though it does not have fibroblasts or a real matrix, and has only a few fibers. Adipose tissue is composed of cells called adipocytes that collect and store fat in the form of triglycerides for energy metabolism.
What is the difference between white adipose tissue and brown adipose tissue?
In mammals, two types of adipose tissue have been observed: White Adipose Tissue, (WAT), which stores excess energy as triglycerides, and Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT), which dissipates stored energy as heat. WAT and BAT function antagonistically–WAT stores energy and BAT releases energy.
What type of cells make up adipose tissue?
Lying three layers deep under the skin, the adipose tissue is composed of a loose collection of specialized cells, called adipocytes, embedded in a mesh of collagen fibers. Its main role in the body is function as a fuel tank for the storage of lipids and triglycerides.
Which hormone is released by adipose tissue and is associated with stimulating appetite?
Leptin is a hormone your adipose tissue (body fat) releases that helps your body maintain your normal weight on a long-term basis. It does this by regulating hunger by providing the sensation of satiety (feeling full).
Why do we want to specifically extract the mRNA only from the total RNA?
Most eukaryotic genes contain introns and you usually don’t know how they are spliced without their mRNA. This is the reason you need to extract the full-length mRNA and generate cDNA for gene cloning and expression.
Why do we need to reverse transcribe the mRNA to cDNA?
Second, PCR amplification only works on DNA, so unless you can obtain enough RNA to feed directly into your sequencing protocol, you need to amplify with PCR, and therefore you must reverse-transcribe to cDNA.
What’s the difference between white fat cells and brown fat cells?
White fat is made of big droplets of lipids, or fatty acids. Cells in brown fat are packed with mitochondria. Mitochondria are rich in iron, which gives brown fat its color. They’re the heart of your cells.
What is the difference between white adipose and brown adipose?
The main difference between brown fat and white fat is that brown adipose tissue is a less common type of fat in the body that is thermogenic whereas white adipose tissue is the most abundant and non-thermogenic. Brown adipose tissue in newborns and small mammals help to survive in cold temperatures.
Which best describes the difference between white adipose tissue WAT and brown adipose tissue BAT )?
Which of the following is a difference between brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT)? A)BAT contains numerous iron-containing mitochondria, whereas WAT contains very few mitochondria.
How does brown fat differ from white fat?
Brown fat and white fat are made of different things. White fat is made of big droplets of lipids, or fatty acids. Cells in brown fat are packed with mitochondria. Mitochondria are rich in iron, which gives brown fat its color.
Is white adipose tissue a dynamic tissue?
… White adipose tissue, once regarded as morphologically and functionally bland, is now recognized to be dynamic, plastic and heterogenous, and is involved in a wide array of biological processes including energy homeostasis, glucose and lipid handling, blood pressure control and host defence 1.
Can single-nucleus sequencing capture adipocytes in white adipose tissue?
An alternative strategy involves single-nucleus sequencing (sNuc-seq), which can capture adipocytes, and has been used to describe mouse white 8, 9 and human brown adipose tissue 10. To compare these approaches in the context of human white adipose tissue (WAT), we pursued experiments on two cohorts of subjects.
Are white adipocytes monotypic and essentially uniform in function?
White adipocytes are generally considered to be monotypic and essentially uniform in function, although some recent studies have begun to challenge this assumption 8, 9, 10, 26. The high resolution of our data enabled us to find that human white adipocytes cluster into seven subpopulations with distinct markers (Fig. 3a, b ).
Which genes are associated with WHR in adipocyte subpopulations?
All adipocyte subpopulations were significantly associated with WHR (Fig. 4d ), so we looked for genes responsible for the association with WHR that lack specificity for any particular adipocyte subpopulation. One such gene is PPARG, which is highly expressed in all adipocytes (Extended Data Fig. 14a ).