Table of Contents
What is navicular drop?
The measure of navicular drop has been used as an indicator of pronation at the foot. It is defined as the distance the navicular tuberosity moves in standing, as the subtalar joint is allowed to move from its neutral position to a relaxed position.
What is the Feiss line test?
The purpose of this test is to check the foot flexibility and the onset of the windlass mechanism by tensioning the plantar fascia trough the extension of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. The Feiss line is the line interconnecting malleolus medialis, navicular and first metatarsal head.
What is Feiss line?
The Feiss Line is defined as an imaginary straight line from the medial malleolus through the navicular bone to the center of the head of the first metatarsal.
What is a positive navicular drop test?
Clinical Relevance Headlee et al also found a positive NDT as being indicative of plantar intrinsic muscle fatigue. Excessive navicular drop has been reported in patients with a history of ACL tears and is thought to predispose individuals to shin splints and medial tibial stress syndrome.
How do you test for pes planus?
Palpation: Examiner should palpate the posterior tibial tendon, lateral rearfoot, and plantar fascia. ROM: This will differentiate flexible versus rigid pes planus. Flexibility can also be assessed by using the Hubscher maneuver (Jack test) to determine if the deformity is reducible.
What is the difference between a Pes Cavus and a pes planus foot?
Based on this theory, Pes Planus (PP) is often described as being more mobile and developing into hyperpronation, while Pes Cavus (PC) is more rigid and develops into hypersupination. Pes Rectus rarely develops excessive compensatory movement patterns.
What does Feiss line test for?
How do you increase navicular drop?
Controversially, no treatment was found to affect navicular drop. Conclusion: Both exercise and foot orthoses can reduce pain but not realign foot posture. Exercise alone or combined with foot orthoses showed a better effect on adult flatfoot than only wearing foot orthoses.
What special test is used to help determine pes planus?
How is pes cavus diagnosed?
Pes cavus typically presents in adolescence or early adulthood and is often a sign of an underlying neurological disease. Through a combination of a history, physical exam, and imaging, the clinician should be able to diagnose if the deformity is forefoot or hindfoot driven.
How is pes planus diagnosed?
Usual assessment methods are X-rays, footprints and visual observations. In some cases, standing foot X-rays may be useful to show the degree of deformity: Standing lateral view shows the longitudinal arch and talo-navicular joint. Standing AP view shows the degree of heel valgus (talo-calcaneal angle).
What is pes planus and pes cavus?
What are some common factors seen with pes cavus?
Common causes of pes cavus [1,3,6]:
- Hereditary neuropathy [e.g. Hereditary sensory motor neuropathy (Charcot Marie Tooth disease)
- Spinal cord defects (e.g. congenital, traumatic)
- Acquired neuropathy (e.g. diabetic peripheral neuropathy)
- Posterior compartment syndrome of the leg.
- Malunion of calcaneal or subtalar fracture.
Can pes planus cause knee problems?
Pes Planus (Flat Foot) disorder has been found to be associated with frequent knee pain and medial tibiofemoral (TF) cartilage damage. The flattening of the foot causes this pain and damage within the knee by forcing the tibia to rotate internally increasing the rotational pressure on the TF joint.
Is pes planus and pes valgus the same?
Bringing Relief to Your Child’s Flat Feet. Pes planus or pes planovalgus, also known as flat foot, are both used to describe the same common condition that affects more than 30 percent of the population. However, it causes symptoms in only 1 in 10.
Which arch is affected in pes cavus?
Pes cavus is a deformity that is typically characterized by cavus (elevation of the longitudinal plantar arch of the foot), plantar flexion of the first ray, forefoot pronation, and valgus, hindfoot varus, and forefoot adduction.
Does pes planus cause arthritis?
It is a condition that leads to flattening of the arch and rolling in of the ankle. It is a progressive deformity with early symptoms of pain and swelling at the inside arch of the foot and ankle. It eventually may lead to arthritis of the foot and ankle joints.
What is a positive Feiss line test?
Positive Feiss line test is when navicular tuberosity mark falls below the line,.below are different grades of flatfoot. Grade 1: In grade 1, the navicular tuberosity falls 1/3rd of the distance of the floor
What are knee special tests used for?
Knee Special Tests Knee special tests are useful for identifying knee pathology such as meniscal tears, ligamentous injuries, patellar pathology, and other conditions. Below you will find a list of knee special tests and links to each test with description and video if available.
Is there a reliable test to quantify foot type and injury likelihood?
A reliable and valid test to quantify foot type is needed to be able to investigate the relationship between arch type and injury likelihood. Feiss Line is a valid clinical measure of the MLA. However, no study has investigated the reliability of the test. Objectives: