Table of Contents
Which protocol is used for DSL?
For instance, DSL uses ATM as the Layer 2 protocol between the DSL router or DSL modem in the home and the ISP router. Additionally, DSL uses a protocol called PPP over ATM (PPPoA). PPP and ATM are both data-link protocols, but they serve different purposes.
What OSI layer is DSL?
physical layer
DSL provides the physical layer, the lowest layer of the OSI model that is used for understanding how the different parts of a telecommunications network can connect with each other.
What is ADSL architecture?
ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) is a technology that facilitates fast data transmission at a high bandwidth on existing copper wire telephone lines to homes and businesses. Unlike regular dial-up copper telephone line service, ADSL provides continuously available, always-on broadband connections.
Is DSL a Layer 2?
Recall that DSL is a Layer 1 (physical layer) technology. There are three methods of carrying data at Layer 2 over DSL: Bridging—Based on RFCs 1483 and 2684. Ethernet traffic is just bridged from the subscriber PCs, through the DSL modem and the DSLAM, to a provider router.
What is DSL technology?
A technology for high-speed network or Internet access over voice lines. There are various types, including asymmetric DSL (ADSL), high-bit-rate DSL (HDSL), symmetric DSL (SDSL) and very-high-bit-rate DSL (VDSL). The whole group is sometimes referred to as “xDSL.”
What OSI layer is a router?
Layer 3
Layer 3, the network layer, is most commonly known as the layer where routing takes place. A router’s main job is to get packets from one network to another.
What OSI layer is a modem in?
layer 2
With respect to the OSI model of network design, a cable modem is both physical layer (layer 1) device and a data link layer (layer 2) forwarder. As an IP addressable network node, cable modems support functionality at other layers.
How does DSL transmit data?
The underlying technology of transport across DSL facilities uses modulation of high-frequency carrier waves, an analog signal transmission. A DSL circuit terminates at each end in a modem which modulates patterns of bits into certain high-frequency impulses for transmission to the opposing modem.
Is DSL analog or digital?
digital
Since the connection is digital, DSL technology doesn’t have a digital-to-analog conversion like traditional modems. It eludes voice audio spectrum frequency boundaries because it can use frequencies above the voice audio spectrum. This means you can use your phone while maintaining your Internet connection.
What modulation is used in ADSL?
ADSL uses quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) to achieve the 15-bitmaximum that any single tone can carry. This technique employs a combination of amplitude modulation and phase shift keying.
Is a modem a layer 1 device?
With respect to the OSI model of network design, a cable modem is both physical layer (layer 1) device and a data link layer (layer 2) forwarder. As an IP addressable network node, cable modems support functionality at other layers.
What is Layer 2 Fibre?
A Layer 2 switch is a type of network switch or device that works on the data link layer via OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model and utilizes MAC address to determine the path through which the frames are to be forwarded. It uses hardware based switching techniques to connect and transmit data in VLAN.
How is DSL connected?
A DSL modem uses telephone lines for high-speed Internet connections. When you connect to the Internet, you might connect through a regular modem, through a local-area network connection in your office, through a cable modem or through a digital subscriber line (DSL) connection.
Why routers are called layer 3 devices?
Because a network determines the method of delivering or routing messages, OSI model layer 3 is known as the network layer. It allows for traffic prioritisation and data transfer based on the type of message and destination. A number of protocols are associated with the management of the network layer.
What OSI layer is ICMP?
Layer 3 protocol
ICMP is referred to as a Layer 3 protocol. This number comes from the Network Layer in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) protocol stack. The Network Layer in the OSI model is the thirds up and it equates to the Internet Layer in the TCP/IP stack.
What layer is Bridge?
data link layer
In the OSI model, bridging is performed in the data link layer (layer 2).
What is the maximum distance for DSL?
18,000 feet
In general, the maximum range for DSL without a repeater is 5.5 km (18,000 feet). As distance decreases toward the telephone company office, the data rate increases.
Is DSL full duplex?
Currently, most ADSL communication is full-duplex.
What is the ADSL protocol stack?
ADSL protocol stack depicts the set of protocols and devices that are used along with ADSL. In order to access ADSL, a Digital Subscriber Line modem (DSL modem) is installed at the customer site. The DSL modem sends data bits over the local loop of the telephone network.
What is a network stack?
Jump to navigation Jump to search. The protocol stack or network stack is an implementation of a computer networking protocol suite or protocol family. The terms are often used interchangeably; strictly speaking, the suite is the definition of the Communications protocols, and the stack is the software implementation of them.
What is a protocol stack?
Protocol stack. The protocol stack or network stack is an implementation of a computer networking protocol suite or protocol family. Some of these terms are used interchangeably but strictly speaking, the suite is the definition of the communication protocols, and the stack is the software implementation of them. Individual protocols…
What are the different layers of the ADSL protocol?
The protocols start at the physical layer with ADSL. Above it are the protocols ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) and AAL5 (ATM Adaptation Layer 5). At the top of the stack, just below the IP is PPP (Point − to − Point) Protocol.