What are Korotkoff sounds phases?
The different Korotkoff sounds are identified by the character of the sounds, as outlined by Geddes et al. Phase I sounds are loud, with a clear-cut snapping tone; phase II sounds have a murmur-like quality; phase III sounds are similar in character to phase I sounds; and phase IV sounds have a dull or muffled tone.
What are the first and second sounds of Korotkoff?
The first Korotkoff sound is the snapping sound first heard at the systolic pressure. The second sounds are the murmurs heard for most of the area between the systolic and diastolic pressures.
What does the first Korotkoff sound indicate?
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure Traditionally, the systolic blood pressure is taken to be the pressure at which the first Korotkoff sound is first heard and the diastolic blood pressure is the pressure at which the fourth Korotkoff sound is just barely audible.
What causes Auscultatory gap?
Cause. There is evidence that auscultatory gaps are related to carotid atherosclerosis, and to increased arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients. This appears to be independent of age. Another cause is believed to be venous stasis within the limb that is being used for the measurement.
Which korotkoff sound represents the systolic pressure in children?
The five Korotkoff sounds Phase I: The first appearance of faint, repetitive, clear tapping sounds which gradually increase in intensity for at least two consecutive beats is the systolic blood pressure. Phase II: A brief period may follow during which the sounds soften and acquire a swishing quality.
What is the second korotkoff sound?
There are five distinct phases of Korotkoff sounds: Phase 1: A sharp tapping. This is the first sound heard as the cuff pressure is released. This sound provides the systolic pressure reading. Phase 2: A swishing/whooshing sound.
How do you remember systolic and diastolic?
For example, if your doctor says your blood pressure is “120 over 80,” the first number, 120, is the systolic number, and the second number of your blood pressure reading is the diastolic number (80 in this example). An easy way to remember it is that both diastolic and down begin with “d.”
What is auscultatory or silent gap?
An auscultatory gap in sphygmomanometry is a period of abnormal silence or diminished intensity during one of the Korotkov sound phases. During the silent gap the pulse wave is palpable. The common auscultatory gap occurs in the second or murmur phase.
What does the first korotkoff sound indicate?
Why is auscultatory gap important?
The presence of an auscultatory gap during manual BP measurement—the temporary disappearance of the Korotkoff sounds during cuff deflation—leads to a potentially important underestimate of systolic BP if undetected.