What is quench water tower?
A Quench Tower or Condenser is often the first step in conditioning a high temperature, polluted air stream so that particulate, acid gasses, metals, and other emissions can be adequately removed.
What is quench tower in ethylene plant?
In an ethylene plant the mixture is partially cooled by heat exchanger and then in a quench tower. The quench tower has heat transfer sections that remove the heat at different levels. The heat is removed in the heat transfer section by re-circulating liquid against the ascending vapor that enters the tower bottoms.
What is quenching in regards to fuel system?
Quenching, in the context of pollution scrubbers, refers to the cooling of hot exhaust gas by water sprays before it enters the scrubber proper. Hot gases (those above ambient temperature) are often cooled to near the saturation level.
What is a quench stream?
Quench systems are used in vent disposal systems for the treatment of streams that can not be discharged directly to atmosphere or where continuing reaction is taking place. The process involves the mixing of a solvent with the relief stream.
Why is quench important?
Proper quench creates turbulence in the combustion chamber, theoretically pushing the mixture toward the spark plug and reducing the possibility of unburned gases at the completion of the combustion cycle, which can play a significant role in reducing detonation and even exhaust emissions.
What is tail gas composition?
In carbon black production processes, tail gas (TG) containing H2, CO, N2, CO2, hydrocarbons, nitrogen compounds (NH3, HCN, NOx etc.), sulfur compounds (COS, H2S, CS2, SOx etc.) is one of the major byproducts.
What is a quench vessel?
Quench vessels are used to rapidly cool hot flue gas, process gas or syngas. ERG has extensive experience of high temperature quenching as the first stage of a wet gas cleaning package, see examples of typical applications here.
Why is it necessary to quench a reaction?
Rapid cooling from an elevated temperature, e.g., severe cooling of the reaction system in a short time (almost instantaneously), “freezes” the status of a reaction and prevents further decomposition or reaction.
What is quench in a combustion chamber?
Quench is the distance between the piston and cylinder head when the piston is at top dead center (TDC). Ultimately it can be thought of as piston to head clearance. The distance includes the piston to deck clearance and head gasket compressed thickness.
How is co2 removed from natural gas?
The methods existing for CO2 removal from natural gas include physical solvents, chemical solvents, adsorption processes, and membrane contactors. The combination of chemical and physical solvents is extensively used in LNG processing facilities.
How is co2 removed from hydrogen?
The reformed gas contains hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The byproduct, carbon dioxide, is usually removed by a pressure swing adsorption method or a cryogenic distillation method at a low temperature.
What liquid is in a quench tank?
water
Aqueous quenchants are chemical mixtures with water and include water-soluble polymer solutions and water by itself. They have the fastest quench rate of all three media categories and can be used to bring metals to maximum hardness, but with the possibility of cracking due to too-rapid cooling.
What do you use for quenching?
Oil is frequently used for quenching because it transfers heat very quickly and without causing significant distortions. While water-based caustic quenchants are even faster, but the severity at which they do it can distort or even crack some materials. In addition, oils are very adjustable.
How does a vertical quench tower work?
The vertical quench tower typically uses the recirculated scrubbing liquor and/or fresh water to evaporate moisture and cool the incoming gas. An emergency fresh water feed is usually recommended in the event of primary nozzle plugging or pump failure.
What is the gas retention time in a quench tower?
The gas retention time based on the inlet gas flow is typically a minimum of 3.0 seconds. Liquid System. The liquid circulating system of the quench tower consists of one or more circulating pumps, a liquid reservoir, piping system, controls and spray nozzles.
What happens if the quench tower fails?
In the event of a reduction or failure of the circulating liquid flow, the gas temperature exiting the Quench Tower will rise quickly. The high temperature may result in damage to the downstream FRP ducting and equipment. When the temperature exits the Quench Tower is too high, the flow of emergency water is started.
How do you use emergency water in a quench tower?
Emergency water may be fed into the quench tower through a set of dedicated nozzles or some of the spray nozzles may serve a dual function of emergency water and normal process spray nozzles. The flow and pressure of emergency water should be sufficient to cool the gas and the nozzles selected to provide adequate coverage across the tower.