Is NALP3 the same as NLRP3?
The NALP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex formed by the cytoplasmic pattern-recognition receptor NALP3 (also known as cryopyrin or NLRP3), the adaptor protein ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a carboxy-terminal CARD domain), and caspase-1.
Which cells express NLRP3 inflammasome?
NLRP3 inflammasome is expressed by innate immune cells, mainly macrophages, and its activation requires two distinct signals. The first signal is mediated by the TLR-NF-κB pathway and results in an increase of the cellular contents of the pro-IL-1β and NLRP3 inflammasome.
Where is NLRP3 located?
NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) (previously known as NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 [NALP3] and cryopyrin), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP3 gene located on the long arm of chromosome 1. Chr.
Who discovered NLRP3?
Discovery. The inflammasome was discovered by the team of Jürg Tschopp, at the University of Lausanne, in 2002. Tschopp and team were able to articulate the inflammasome’s role in diseases such as gout and type 2 diabetes.
Is an interleukin a protein?
One of a group of related proteins made by leukocytes (white blood cells) and other cells in the body. Interleukins regulate immune responses. Interleukins made in the laboratory are used as biological response modifiers to boost the immune system in cancer therapy.
Is interleukin 6 a protein?
IL6 (Interleukin 6) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with IL6 include Kaposi Sarcoma and Rheumatoid Arthritis, Systemic Juvenile.
What does the NLRP3 gene do?
The NLRP3 gene (also known as CIAS1) provides instructions for making a protein called cryopyrin. Cryopyrin is a member of a family of proteins called nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat containing (NLR) proteins, which are found in the fluid inside cells (cytoplasm).
What are the NACHT LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3?
The NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 is also called: PYRIN-containing APAF1-like protein 1 (PYPAF1). This gene encodes a pyrin-like protein which contains a pyrin domain, a nucleotide-binding site (NBS) domain, and a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) motif.
What are the NOD domains of NLRs?
NLRs contain PYRIN domains (like NLRP3) and/or caspase activation recruitment domains (CARDs), which promote self-assembly. In addition, NLRs possess central NOD domains where most disease mutations are located, suggesting an important functional role, and C-terminal Leucine-rich repeat domains.
What is NALP3?
NALP3 is expressed predominantly in macrophages and as a component of the inflammasome, detects products of damaged cells such as extracellular ATP and crystalline uric acid. Activated NALP3 in turn triggers an immune response. Mutations in the NLRP3 gene are associated with a number of organ specific autoimmune diseases .