Table of Contents
How do you calculate aminophylline infusion?
Converting IV aminophylline to ORAL aminophylline: Calculate the total amount administered in 24 hours by multiplying the hourly infusion rate by 24. This calculation assumes infusion concentration prepared is 1mg/ml.
How do you give aminophylline injection?
Aminophylline Injection is administered by slow intravenous injection or diluted and administered by intravenous infusion. The solution contains no bacteriostat or antimicrobial agent and is intended for use only as a single-dose injection. When smaller doses are required the unused portion should be discarded.
How do you take aminophylline tablets?
Take aminophylline exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor. Take the tablets or oral liquid with a full glass of water on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal. Do not chew or crush the long-acting tablets; swallow them whole.
Why is aminophylline given slowly?
Intravenous Aminophylline must be administered very slowly to prevent dangerous central nervous system and cardiovascular side-effects due to direct stimulating effect of Aminophylline.
Why do we give aminophylline slowly?
Why are loading doses given?
If therapeutic effects are needed quickly, and the drug has a long half-life, one can use a loading dose to achieve therapeutic levels on the first dose. The loading dose rapidly achieves the therapeutic response and subsequent doses maintain the response.
Is theophylline safe in infants?
Abstract. Theophylline is a safe, effective drug for the treatment of apnea of prematurity. The pharmacokinetics of theophylline have been studied extensively in preterm neonates.
Can theophylline be given IV?
Intravenous (IV) Patients can be administered IV theophylline for acute bronchospasm. Those who are not currently taking theophylline should be given a loading dose of 5 to 7 mg/kg intravenously, followed by a maintenance dose of 0.4 to 0.6 mg/kg per hour intravenously to maintain serum concentrations at 10 to 15 mg/L.
When do you give aminophylline?
Aminophylline injection is used together with other medicines to treat the acute symptoms of asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, and other lung diseases in a hospital setting.
How fast can you push aminophylline?
Loading doses should be administered over 30 minutes at a rate not to exceed 21 mg/hr and should be calculated using ideal body weight.
What happens if aminophylline is infused too quickly?
Too rapid intravenous administration may result in the following symptoms: anxiety, headache, nausea and vomiting, severe hypotension, dizziness, faintness, lightheadedness, palpitations, syncope, precordial pain, flushing, profound bradycardia, premature ventricular contractions, cardiac arrest.
What is the therapeutic level of theophylline?
Therapeutic serum levels of theophylline are between 10 to 20 mcg/ml. Most adults achieve these concentrations with daily slow-release oral theophylline preparations, 200-400 mg (approximately 10 mg/Kg) twice a day.
Can you overdose on theophylline?
Data from this cohort study indicate that theophylline is an extremely toxic drug that, in overdose, may cause harm or death. Three distinct patterns of intoxication exist, namely, acute intoxication, chronic overmedication, and acute-on-therapeutic intoxication.
When do you use theophylline level?
In order to accurately measure serum theophylline levels after oral administration, blood should be drawn 3 days after the initiation of therapy or dose change, when the steady-state peak blood concentration has been reached.
What is the science of neonatal resuscitation?
The science of neonatal resuscitation applies to newly born infants transitioning from the fluid-filled environment of the womb to the air-filled environment of the birthing room and to newborns in the days after birth. In circumstances of altered or impaired transition, effective neonatal resuscitation reduces the risk of mortality and morbidity.
What are the treatment guidelines for unchanged theophylline and caffeine in neonates?
-In neonates, the large amounts (50%) of unchanged theophylline and caffeine in the urine requires careful attention to dose adjustment and frequent serum theophylline monitoring in reduced renal function. Dose adjustment (s) may be required; however, no specific guidelines have been suggested. Caution is recommended.
What is the recommended final dose of theophylline?
Final dose: Adjust to maintain peak serum steady state theophylline between 5 to 10 mcg/mL in neonates and between 10 to 15 mcg/mL in older infants. Children 1 year and older without risk factors for impaired clearance: -Weight under 45 kg:
What are the American Heart Association guidelines for newborn resuscitation?
2: Evidence Evaluation and Guidelines Development 2020 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Newborn resuscitation requires anticipation and preparation by providers who train individually and as teams.