Table of Contents
What are the two types of orofacial clefts?
What Are the Types of Clefts?
- unilateral cleft lip: a split on one side of the lip.
- bilateral cleft lip: splits on both sides of the lip.
What are the major types of oral clefts?
Types of cleft palate Incomplete cleft palate: Opening in the back of the mouth, called the soft palate. Complete cleft palate: Opening in the front and back of the mouth, or the soft and hard palates. Submucous cleft palate: Muscles within the soft palate are separated or cleft but the skin or mucous membrane is …
How do you classify a cleft palate?
A cleft palate is first categorized according to whether it affects the hard palate, the soft palate, or both.
- The hard palate is the front part of the roof of the mouth.
- The soft palate is the back part of the roof of the mouth. This description may include whether the uvula is affected.
What are facial clefts?
An oral-facial cleft is a birth defect. The lip or the roof of the mouth does not form the usual way. The defect may be a cleft lip, a cleft palate, or both. A cleft lip is a gap in the upper lip, often just below the nose. A cleft palate is a gap in the roof of the mouth or in the soft tissue at the back of the mouth.
What causes orofacial clefts?
The causes of orofacial clefts among most infants are unknown. Some children have a cleft lip or cleft palate because of changes in their genes.
What does Glossoptosis mean?
Definition. Posterior displacement of the tongue into the pharynx, i.e., a tongue that is mislocalised posteriorly. [
What causes facial clefts?
Cleft lip and cleft palate are thought to be caused by a combination of genes and other factors, such as things the mother comes in contact with in her environment, or what the mother eats or drinks, or certain medications she uses during pregnancy.
What are oral clefts?
Cleft palate is a birth defect in which a baby’s palate (roof of the mouth) doesn’t form completely and has an opening in it. These birth defects are called oral clefts or orofacial clefts. Birth defects are health conditions that are present at birth. They change the shape or function of one or more parts of the body.
Which teratogens can cause cleft lip and palate?
These factors include:
- exposure to German measles (Rubella) or other infections.
- certain medications.
- alcohol and drug usage.
- cigarette smoking.
- certain vitamin deficiencies, especially during early pregnancy.
What is the difference between cleft lip and cleft palate?
Cleft lip is a birth defect in which a baby’s upper lip doesn’t form completely and has an opening in it. Cleft palate is a birth defect in which a baby’s palate (roof of the mouth) doesn’t form completely and has an opening in it. These birth defects are called oral clefts or orofacial clefts.
What is PRS disease?
Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) is characterized by a small lower jaw (micrognathia) and displacement of the tongue toward the back of the oral cavity (glossoptosis). Some infants also have an abnormal opening in the roof of the mouth (cleft palate).
What causes Pierre Robin?
While the exact cause of the condition remains unknown, the sequence of anomalies experienced in the uterus begins with an underdeveloped jaw, which causes displacement of the tongue and subsequent formation of a U-shaped cleft palate.
Who cleft lip and palate classification?
The first most commonly accepted classification was presented by Kernahan and Stark (1) in 1958, who described all common types of cleft lip/palate, complete unilateral cleft lip/palate and the isolated posterior cleft palate in a symbolic classification system.
What causes clefts?
Causes and Risk Factors Cleft lip and cleft palate are thought to be caused by a combination of genes and other factors, such as things the mother comes in contact with in her environment, or what the mother eats or drinks, or certain medications she uses during pregnancy.
How is cleft lip caused?
A cleft lip or palate happens when the structures that form the upper lip or palate fail to join together when a baby is developing in the womb. The exact reason why this happens to some babies is often unclear. It’s very unlikely to have been caused by anything you did or did not do during pregnancy.