Does BCL-xL inhibit apoptosis?
The Bcl-xL apoptosis inhibitor plays a major role in vertebrate development. In addition to its effect on apoptosis, Bcl-xL is also involved in cell migration and mitochondrial metabolism.
How does Bcl-xL prevent apoptosis?
The anti-apoptotic members of this family, such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL, prevent apoptosis either by sequestering proforms of death-driving cysteine proteases called caspases (a complex called the apoptosome) or by preventing the release of mitochondrial apoptogenic factors such as cytochrome c and AIF (apoptosis-inducing …
What does Bcl-2 do in apoptosis?
BCL2 prevents BAX/BAK oligomerization, which would otherwise lead to the release of several apoptogenic molecules from the mitochondrion. It is also known that BCL2 binds to and inactivates BAX and other pro-apoptotic proteins, thereby inhibiting apoptosis.
What are bcl2 inhibitors?
A selective inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, Bcl-2 inhibitor BCL201 binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2. This restores apoptotic processes in tumor cells.
How is Bcl-2 activated in apoptosis?
The BCL-2 family of proteins controls cell death primarily by direct binding interactions that regulate mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) leading to the irreversible release of intermembrane space proteins, subsequent caspase activation and apoptosis.
Is Bcl-2 a positive or negative regulator of programmed cell death?
negative
Among the anti-apoptotic members, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL are negative regulators of cell death, preventing cells from undergoing apoptosis induced by various stimuli in a wide variety of cell types,16,17 whereas others, such as Bax and Bid promote or accelerate cell death.
How is Bcl-2 regulated?
Thus, like Bcl2, Bad is also dynamically regulated by phosphorylation. In addition to Bcl2 family members, other proteins involved in the apoptotic machinery may be regulated by phosphorylation.
Is BCL xL a protein?
Bcl-XL: A multifunctional anti-apoptotic protein. The apoptosis inhibitor Bcl-xL controls breast cancer cell migration through mitochondria-dependent reactive oxygen species production. BCL-xL, a Mitochondrial Protein Involved in Successful Aging: From C. elegans to Human Centenarians.
How do Bcl-2 inhibitors work?
How BCL-2 can induce or inhibit cell death?
Bcl-2 inhibits apoptosis by increasing the time-to-death and intrinsic cell-to-cell variations in the mitochondrial pathway of cell death. Apoptosis.
What is BIM apoptosis?
BIM works in concert with other pro-apoptotic proteins, such as PUMA, BAD, BAX, and anti-apoptotic proteins, such as BCL2, BCLXL, and MCL1, to regulate cell death and survival essential to normal tissue homeostasis. The precise regulation of BIM expression has been shown to be essential to normal development [3, 4].
What does BIM stand for in apoptosis?
Figure 1. BCL2-interacting mediator of cell death (BIM) is autonomously required for endothelial cell apoptosis in response to serum and growth factor withdrawal.
How Bcl-2 family proteins regulate the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis?
What is the function of Bcl xL protein?
This protein has also been shown as a requirement for heme production and in erythroid lineage, Bcl-xL is a major survival factor responsible for an estimated half of the total survival “signal” proerythroblasts must receive in order to survive and become red cells. Bcl-xL promoter contains GATA-1 and Stat5 sites.
Does Bcl-xL play a role in liver cancer progression?
Bcl-xL was localized mainly in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of both normal and cancer cells. It is interesting that Bcl-xL expression was also found in the nuclei of liver cancer cells in the tumor margins. This suggests that Bcl-xL participates in the progression of liver cancer cells.
What is Bcl-xL antibody?
Bcl-xL Antibody detects endogenous levels of total Bcl-xL protein. The antibody does not cross-react with other Bcl-2 family members. Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Asp61 of human Bcl-xL. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.
What is the senolytic action of Bcl-xL?
Bcl-xL is a target of various senolytic agents. Studies of cell cultures of senescent human umbilical vein endothelial cells have shown that both fisetin and quercetin induce apoptosis by inhibition of Bcl-xL. Fisetin has roughly twice the senolytic potency as quercetin.