Table of Contents
What causes hypothalamic lesions?
Hypothalamic disease is a disorder presenting primarily in the hypothalamus, which may be caused by damage resulting from malnutrition, including anorexia and bulimia eating disorders, genetic disorders, radiation, surgery, head trauma, lesion, tumour or other physical injury to the hypothalamus.
What technique will most likely be used to precisely localize and examine a lesion on the hypothalamus?
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is the modality of choice for evaluating the anatomy and pathologic conditions of the hypothalamus.
What is the median eminence?
The median eminence is the structure at the base of the hypothalamus where hypothalamic-releasing and –inhibiting hormones converge onto the portal capillary system that vascularizes the anterior pituitary gland.
What is the tuber Cinereum?
The tuber cinereum is a hollow eminence of the middle–ventral hypothalamus, specifically the arcuate nucleus, situated between the mammillary bodies and the optic chiasm. In addition to the ventral hypothalamus, the tuber cinereum includes the median eminence and pituitary gland.
How common is hypothalamic hamartoma?
How common are hypothalamic hamartomas? HH is rare. Studies vary, suggesting it occurs in about 1 in 100,000 to 1 in 200,000 children.
What is hypothalamic hamartoma?
A hypothalamic hamartoma is a tumor-like formation on the hypothalamus, the area at the base of the brain that controls the production and release of hormones by the pituitary gland.
What hormones are secreted in the median eminence?
Median Eminence
- Anterior Pituitary.
- Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone.
- Arcuate Nucleus.
- Eicosanoid Receptor.
- Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone.
- Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone.
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone.
- Peptide.
How is hypothalamic hamartoma treated?
Treatment for hypothalamic hamartoma If it appears your child may benefit from surgery, neurosurgeons can disconnect the hamartoma from the hypothalamus using a minimally invasive technique known as laser ablation. Other alternatives include removing or reducing the size of the hamartoma with surgery.
What are two main benefits of having a portal system connect the median eminence of the hypothalamus with the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland?
One benefit of the portal system is that it ensures that the controlling hormones will be delivered directly to the target cells. Secondly, because the hormones go directly to their target cells without first passing through the general circulation, they are not diluted.
What is the function of tuber Cinereum?
Function. The tuber cinereum primarily constitutes nerve fibres travelling from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland. Rather than providing signalling to the gland, many of these fibres actually function as the source of the substances released by the posterior lobe of this gland.