What is Transcondylar axis?
The transepicondylar axis was defined as a line between the most medial and most lateral prominences of the epicondyles, while, the posterior condylar axis was a line connecting the posterior aspects of the femoral condyles.
What is Whiteside’s line?
Whiteside’s line is a line drawn from the deepest part of the trochlea groove to the centre of the intercondylar notch posteriorly [3]. It has been shown to be useful in determining femoral rotation [4,24].
Where is Whiteside’s line drawn from?
intercondylar notch
Whitesides Line, also known as the anteroposterior axis (APA), is a 2D line which runs from the centre of the intercondylar notch to the deepest point of the trochlear groove anteriorly.
Where is the Trochlear groove?
The trochlea is a groove in the femur bone underneath the kneecap (patella). The walls of the trochlea stabilize the patella and allow it to glide down the center of the trochlea as the knee bends.
What is a Trochlear groove?
What is the trochlear angle?
The trochlear angle refers to the opening angle of the trochlea as visualized on a 30° flexion axial radiograph. In the study of Henri Dejour et al., a threshold of 145° successfully excluded all normal patients.
Why is the Q angle different in males and females?
Furthermore, we found that men and women of equal height demonstrated similar Q angles, with taller people having slightly smaller Q angles. The slight difference in Q angles between men and women can be explained by the fact that men tend to be taller.
What does Q angle stand for?
quadriceps
The Q angle is a very important indicator of biomechanical function in the lower extremity. This measurement reflects the effect of the quadriceps mechanism on the knee (hence the “Q” angle).
What is patellar groove?
The patella fits into a groove at the end of the femur (trochlear groove) and slides up and down as the knee bends and straightens. Patellar instability occurs when the kneecap moves outside of this groove.
What is a Trochleoplasty?
A trochleoplasty is a surgical correction of the femoral trochlea to restore a normal or nearly normal entry of the patella into the trochlear groove during extension and flexion. Some general prerequisites are necessary to performing this procedure successfully.
What is the trochlea of the knee?
Why Q angle is important?
Clinical Importance The Q angle formed by the vector for the combined pull of the quadriceps femoris muscle and the patellar tendon, is important because of the lateral pull it exerts on the patella. Any alteration in alignment that increases the Q angle is thought to increase the lateral force on the patella.
Why Q angle is greater in female?
One controversy centres around any possible differences in its value between men and women. The accepted, though unproven explanation, for the greater Q angle in women is that a woman has a wider pelvis.
What is the Q angle in females?
The Q angle is a measurement of pelvic width that is thought to contribute to sports injury risk in women. Women have biomechanical differences from men. Female hormones result in a wider pelvis, making it easier to give birth. But this difference can have consequences when playing sports.