What body systems are affected by a head injury?
Endocrine dysfunction, electrolyte imbalance, and respiratory manifestations are common following TBI. The influence of TBI on systemic immune response, coagulation cascade, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal system, and other systems is becoming more evident through animal studies and clinical trials.
How can a head injury affect internal body systems?
Mild traumatic brain injury may affect your brain cells temporarily. More-serious traumatic brain injury can result in bruising, torn tissues, bleeding and other physical damage to the brain. These injuries can result in long-term complications or death.
How does a brain injury affect the nervous system?
Brain injury affects neuronal circuitry by causing the death of neurons and glial cells and destroying connections between them. This includes the cellular extensions (dendrites and axons) through which neurons receive and emit signals by means of molecules called neurotransmitters.
What is the most common type of brain injury?
Concussion. A concussion, sometimes called a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), is the most common type of brain injury, accounting for hundreds of thousands of emergency room visits each year.
What are the most common brain injuries?
Falls and car accidents are two of the top causes of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). When you take a severe blow to the head, your brain hits against the skull. The impact can cause brain damage. Concussions are the most common type of TBI.
What happens if a person has brain injury nervous system?
Traumatic brain injuries at the base of the skull can cause nerve damage to the nerves that emerge directly from the brain (cranial nerves). Cranial nerve damage may result in: Paralysis of facial muscles or losing sensation in the face. Loss of or altered sense of smell or taste.
How does a brain injury affect the digestive system?
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to several physiologic complications including gastrointestinal dysfunction. Specifically, TBI can induce an increase in intestinal permeability, which may lead to bacterial translocation, sepsis, and eventually multi-system organ failure.
How is the circulatory system affected by a concussion?
In concussed athletes and soldiers, concussions not only alter brain connectivity, but also alter cardiac functioning and impair cardiovascular performance upon exertion. Altered sympathetic and parasympathetic balance in the ANS has been postulated as a critical factor in refractory post concussive syndrome (PCS).
What effects does brain damage have on human organs and intestines?
What are the two types of traumatic brain injury?
Doctors typically group traumatic brain injuries into two main categories: closed injuries and open (or penetrating) injuries. Closed injuries refer to TBIs that do not fracture the skull. Open injuries, on the other hand, occur when the skull bone breaks or is penetrated, leaving the brain exposed to the elements.
Which human body system is affected by neurological disorders?
Neurological disorders are medically defined as disorders that affect the brain as well as the nerves found throughout the human body and the spinal cord. Structural, biochemical or electrical abnormalities in the brain, spinal cord or other nerves can result in a range of symptoms.